In various aspects, a package system includes at least a first package and a second package arranged on a same side of the package carrier. Each of the first package and the second package comprises an antenna to transmit and/or receive radio frequency signals. A cover may be arranged at a distance over the first package and the second package at the same side of the package carrier as the first package and the second package. The cover comprises at least one conductive element forming a predefined pattern on a side of the cover facing the first package and the second package. The predefined pattern is configured as a frequency selective surface. The package system further includes a radio frequency signal interface wirelessly connecting the antennas of the first package and the second package. The radio frequency signal interface comprises the at least one conductive element.

A directable antenna system includes at least one directable antenna which has an omnidirectional antenna at a center, an inner frequency selective surface centered around the omnidirectional antenna, and an outer frequency selective surface spaced from the inner frequency selective surface. An antenna control unit can vary antenna beamwidth by changing states of active elements of the inner and the outer frequency selective surfaces. The system may include a searchable database, for example, to direct the antenna in the optimum direction for transmission and reception at a particular location. Transmission and/or reception data from a second directable antenna can be used to aim the first directable antenna.

The present disclosure provides systems and methods relating to sensing the presence of a lifeform. In particular, the present disclosure provides systems and methods for detecting the presence of a lifeform in a building or room using dynamic metasurface aperture (DMA), which overcome many limitations of currently available radio frequency (RF) or infrared (IR)-based systems.

This application provides a liquid crystal metasurface antenna apparatus and a communication apparatus. The liquid crystal metasurface antenna apparatus includes a liquid crystal metasurface reflection plate and a feed source, where the liquid crystal metasurface reflection plate includes a plurality of liquid crystal antenna units; the liquid crystal antenna unit at least includes a plurality of oscillators and two layers of dielectric plates; the plurality of oscillators are disposed between the two layers of dielectric plates; the plurality of oscillators include a horizontal oscillator pair and/or a vertical oscillator pair; and each oscillator includes a left arm, a right arm, and a capacitor, the left arm and the right arm are connected through the capacitor, and a liquid crystal material is filled in a space enclosed by the left arm, the right arm, and the capacitor.

This application provides an antenna assembly, including two antenna boards that are placed in a stacked manner. Polarization manners of the two antenna boards are perpendicular to each other, and the two antenna boards are configured to separate a received electromagnetic wave into a horizontal polarization component and a vertical polarization component. A bias voltage is applied to a liquid crystal dielectric layer in the two antenna boards to change ratios of reflection power to transmission power of the two antenna boards, to change a ratio of reflection power of the two polarization components that are obtained through separation, and implement linear polarization at different angles after vector synthesis is performed on the two polarization components. In this way, receive power of an antenna is increased.

A wall or façade structure for improving quality of reception of a wireless communication device inside a building from a base station located outside of the building. The building has the structure as a part of a building envelope. The structure, which is configured to boost transmission of electromagnetic signals through the building envelope, includes at least one electrically conductive low emissivity surface, a first aperture and a second aperture. The apertures are isolated from each other for providing narrow aperture diffraction and to obtain diversity reception at a first frequency in shadow areas inside the building. A distance between the apertures is between 1 and 10 meters to provide an envelope correlation coefficient of less than 0.1 for said apertures at the first frequency.

Various examples are provided for fragmented aperture antennas. In one example, a fragmented aperture antenna includes a two-dimensional lattice of conducting elements, where positioning of the conducting elements in adjacent rows are offset based upon a fixed skew angle. In another example, a fragmented aperture antenna includes a two-dimensional lattice comprising a combination of first and second geometric conducting elements, where a second geometric conducting element provides a connection between adjacent sides of diagonally adjacent first geometric conducting elements. In another example, a fragmented aperture antenna includes a two-dimensional lattice of conducting elements having a single common non-rectangular shape, where the conducting elements interleave in a digitated fashion. Diagonally adjacent conducting elements overlap along a portion of adjacent edges of the diagonally adjacent conducting elements.

Apparatus comprising at least one movable reflective surface configured to reflect electromagnetic waves and at least one actuator coupled with the at least one movable reflective surface, wherein said at least one actuator is configured to at least temporarily drive a movement of said at least one reflective surface.

A direct radiation wireless digital communication system based on a digital programmable metamaterial, including a transmitting system and a receiving system, where information transmitted by the transmitting system is loaded to a programmable metamaterial, and is directly radiated into free space in a form of an ever-changing far-field pattern under the illumination of a feeding antenna; the receiving system collects electric field values received by receiving antennas located at different positions of a far-field region to obtain a far-field pattern, and recovers the transmitted original information according to a mapping relationship between the far-field pattern and a coding sequence. The system does not require a digital-to-analog conversion module and a frequency mixing module. The system also features an inherent secrete communication in the physical level which protects the transmitted information from being intercepted at a single point or any random points, and has the capabilities of self-adaption and self-perception.

The embodiments are directed to radio frequency witness films. The embodiments include a unit cell in a three-dimensional coordinate frame of reference defined by an x-axis, a y-axis, and a z-axis. The unit cell is centered at an origin of the three-dimensional coordinate frame of reference. The unit cell includes a substrate, a first conductive layer, a dielectric layer, and a second conductive layer. The second conductive layer has at least two microstrip extensions that are perpendicular to each other in the x-y plane.