The disclosure provides an electromagnetic wave adjusting device, including a first substrate, a first conductive element, a second substrate, a second conductive element, and a dielectric layer. The first conductive element is disposed on the first substrate. The second substrate is opposite to the first substrate. The second conductive element is disposed on the second substrate and faces the first substrate, in which the first conductive element has an overlapping region which overlaps the second conductive element. The dielectric layer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The electromagnetic wave adjusting device includes a working region and a non-working region. The working region includes the overlapping region. The non-working region is disposed outside the working region. A first region in the non-working region and a second region in the working region have the same film-layer stack structure.

The present description concerns a transmitarray or reflectarray cell (105), comprising at least two switches made of a phase-change material.

Various embodiments may provide a device for controlling an electromagnetic wave according to various embodiments. The device may include a medium. The device may further include an array of elements in contact with the medium and may be configured to receive the electromagnetic wave. Each element of the array of elements may include a phase change material configured to switch from, at least, a first state to a second state in response to an external input, thereby changing an optical property of the respective element to control the electromagnetic wave.

Embodiments for adaptive multipath control within an electric vehicle battery pack are disclosed. In a particular embodiment, a method for adaptive multipath control includes modifying at least one of: one or more transmission properties and one or more reflection properties of a metasurface of a module measurement system of a battery management system. In this embodiment, the metasurface is proximate to an antenna of the module measurement system. The method also includes transmitting, via the antenna of the module measurement system, battery sensor data.

Some embodiments are directed to a high impedance surface device. The high impedance surface device can include a set of at least two separate, substantially cylindrical compartments, that have internal surfaces in an electrically conductive material. The compartments each define, at one end, a single aperture, oriented on the same side, and covered by at least one periodic structure of electrically conductive patterns. Each compartment is filled with a dielectric material, and is thus covered forming at least one electromagnetic resonator. Each electromagnetic resonator exhibits a resonant wavelength. The at least two compartments are separated from one another by a distance less than the shortest resonant wavelength exhibited by the resonators that they form. At least two respective resonant wavelengths of the electromagnetic resonators formed by the at least two covered compartments are different, and the periodic structure exhibits a spatial period less than half the shortest resonant wavelength.

A surface-wave waveguide may include a base conductive ground plane including opposite side edges and a pair of conductive side walls. One conductive side wall extends from each side edge of the conductive ground plane. The surface-wave waveguide may also include a substrate including a dielectric material disposed on the base conductive ground plane and between the conductive side walls. The surface-wave waveguide may also include an impedance sheet disposed on the substrate and between the conductive side walls. The impedance sheet may include a predetermined impedance characteristic for transmitting an electromagnetic wave.

Techniques and mechanisms for providing a low-profile terminal for satellite communication. In an embodiment, a communication terminal includes a radome, an array of radio frequency (RF) elements and a foam layer disposed therebetween. The foam layer includes a first side and a second side opposite the first side, wherein the array of RF elements and the radome are coupled to the foam layer via the first side and the second side, respectively. The communication device provides contiguous structure between the radome and the array of RF elements. In another embodiment, the first side forms a machined surface which contributes to flatness of one or more antenna panels having the array of RF elements disposed therein or thereon.

A method for making an electromagnetic band gap structure includes performing a single full wave simulation for the structure using a computer to perform the simulation, extracting a multiple port scattering matrix based on the single full wave simulation using a computer, and measuring or estimating a transmission of waves across the body between a first port and a second port of the body. The body has multiple ports between the first port and the second port that are defined by scattering elements using the computer. The matrix may be reduced to a two by two matrix recursively one dimension at a time using the computer.

A tunable electromagnetic radiation device that includes a wavelength selective structure comprising a plurality of layers. The plurality of layers includes a compound layer comprising a plurality of surface elements, an electrically isolating intermediate layer, and a continuous electrically conductive layer. The compound layer includes at least one metallic layer or metallic-like layer and at least one dielectric layer and is in contact with a first surface of the electrically isolating intermediate layer. The continuous electrically conductive layer is in contact with a second surface of the electrically isolating intermediate layer. The wavelength selective structure has at least one reflective or absorptive resonance band. The tunable electromagnetic radiation device further includes an electrode in electrical contact with at least one of the compound layer, the electrically isolating intermediate layer, and the continuous electrically conductive layer.

The present disclosure provides a system and methods for mitigating, or reducing, the intermodulation of an adaptive antenna array's radiating elements. A tunable element may be used with a bias component to increase linearity of the system. These tunable elements may modify a radiating element's capacitance or damping rate. Adjusting the shape of the radiating element or using switches may also modify the resonance strength. Variable couplers may further be added to a system to reduce intermodulation. An adaptive antenna array using the techniques described herein may have all or some of the elements co-located.