A reconfigurable antenna and a method for manufacturing the same are provided. The reconfigurable antenna includes: a first substrate and a second substrate opposite to each other, a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate, a first metal layer between the first substrate and the liquid crystal layer, and a second metal layer between the second substrate and the liquid crystal layer. The first metal layer serves as a radiation patch layer of the reconfigurable antenna. The second metal layer serves as a ground layer of the reconfigurable antenna. The first metal layer and the second metal layer are configured to provide an electric field to the liquid crystal layer, so as to rotate orientation vectors of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer.

A method and apparatus for impedance matching for an antenna aperture are described. In one embodiment, the antenna comprises an antenna aperture having at least one array of antenna elements operable to radiate radio frequency (RF) energy and an integrated composite stack structure coupled to the antenna aperture. The integrated composite stack structure includes a wide angle impedance matching network to provide impedance matching between the antenna aperture and free space and also puts dipole loading on antenna elements.

This disclosure relates generally to metasurface beam steering antenna and method of setting antenna beam angle. Conventional approaches perform electronically beam steering using phase array which requires bandwidth with higher data rates. The present disclosure enables metasurface antennas tilt antenna beam in a given direction, where the varactor diodes are operated in reverse bias so that different values of capacitors combination lead to electronic beam scanning. The processor of the metasurface beam steering antenna receives a command having an input angle to tilt the angle beam position. The processor processes the command by mapping the input angle with the set of c-shaped copper patch combination having the capacitor values using a predefined lookup table for setting the antenna beam angle based on a reference voltage generated by the varactor diode. The lookup table is iteratively updated with the capacitor values of the c-shaped copper patches.

The disclosed wearable electronic device may include an enclosure, an antenna positioned within the enclosure and configured to radiate electromagnetic signals, a non-conductive substrate positioned within the enclosure, a first surface of the non-conductive substrate being in a position to face a user of the wearable electronic device and a second, opposite surface of the non-conductive substrate facing the antenna, and a patterned conductive material disposed on the second, opposite surface of the non-conductive substrate, wherein the patterned conductive material has a shape and configuration to reduce electromagnetic signals radiated in a direction towards the user of the wearable electronic device. Various other related methods and systems are also disclosed.

A versatile metamaterial reflector is constructed of at least one pair of first and second reflectors each having a frequency-dependent phase shifting of a reflected waveform but together providing, between them, a constant phase difference. As few as two different types of reflectors (for example, a zero and relative pi radian reflector) are used to construct a variety of metamaterial reflectors.

A method and apparatus for impedance matching for an antenna aperture are described. In one embodiment, the antenna comprises an antenna aperture having at least one array of antenna elements operable to radiate radio frequency (RF) energy and an integrated composite stack structure coupled to the antenna aperture. The integrated composite stack structure includes a wide angle impedance matching network to provide impedance matching between the antenna aperture and free space and also puts dipole loading on antenna elements.

A system for EMNZ metamaterial-based direct antenna modulation. The system includes a signal generator, a metamaterial switch and an antenna. The signal generator may is configured to generate a microwave signal. The metamaterial switch is configured to generate a modulated microwave signal from the microwave signal. The modulated microwave signal is generated by selectively passing the microwave signal through the metamaterial switch. The metamaterial switch includes a first conductive plate and a first loaded conductive plate. The first loaded conductive plate includes a second conductive plate and a first monolayer graphene. The first monolayer graphene includes a first tunable conductivity. The first monolayer graphene is positioned between the first conductive plate and the second conductive plate. An effective permittivity of the metamaterial switch is configured to be adjusted to a predetermined value. The effective permittivity of the metamaterial switch is adjusted responsive to tuning the first tunable conductivity.

A radar system having multiple layers and a radiating array of elements, wherein signals are presented to the elements as they propagate through a slotted wave guide.

The disclosed wearable electronic device may include an enclosure, an antenna positioned within the enclosure and configured to radiate electromagnetic signals, a non-conductive substrate positioned within the enclosure, a first surface of the non-conductive substrate being in a position to face a user of the wearable electronic device and a second, opposite surface of the non-conductive substrate facing the antenna, and a patterned conductive material disposed on the second, opposite surface of the non-conductive substrate, wherein the patterned conductive material has a shape and configuration to reduce electromagnetic signals radiated in a direction towards the user of the wearable electronic device. Various other related methods and systems are also disclosed.

An antenna assembly may include an antenna element, a radome structure disposed proximate to the antenna element and including a plurality of plasma elements, a driver circuit operably coupled to the plasma elements to selectively ionize individual ones of the plasma elements, and a controller. The controller may be operably coupled to the driver circuit to provide control of plasma density of the individual ones of the plasma elements. The plasma elements may include respective enclosures. At least some of the enclosures may have at least two peripheral edge surfaces substantially fully contacted by corresponding peripheral edge surfaces of adjacent enclosures at at least one section along a longitudinal length thereof.