An antenna structure as an example of a structure including a transparent conductor includes: an antenna as an example of the transparent conductor; a film transmitting a visible light; a positioning structure configured to position the film from an invisible side of a ceiling as an example of a facility; and a flange transmitting the visible light and configured to position the film from a visible side of the ceiling and including a lens part at a position facing the positioning structure.

According to an aspect, there is provided an antenna arrangement. Said antenna arrangement comprises two or more feed antennas adapted to transmit and receive radio signals. The two or more feed antennas comprise at least a first feed antenna adapted to operate in a first frequency band and a second feed antenna adapted to operate in a second frequency band, where the first and second frequency bands being discontiguous with each other. Moreover, the antenna arrangement comprises an antenna radome arranged around the two or more feed antennas. Said antenna radome comprises a metallic section implementing an antenna reflector for the two or more feed antennas and a nonmetallic section penetrable by radio waves.

Provided is an antenna including: a primary radiator configured to radiate radio waves; and a parabolic reflector configured to reflect the radio waves radiated by the primary radiator and has an aperture diameter reduced to be equal to or smaller than an aperture diameter with which no null points are generated in an antenna pattern in a semi-sphere where the radio waves are reflected and radiated.

A metallic component including NiCr and having a skin depth of greater than or equal to 1.0 m in a frequency range from 20-40 GHz, as calculated by: $=\sqrt{\frac{2}{\left(2f\right)\left({}_0{}_r\right)}}503\sqrt{\frac{}{{}_{r}f}}.$ In this equation, is skin depth in meters (m); is resistivity in ohm meter (.Math.m); f is frequency of an electromagnetic radiation in hertz (Hz); .sub.0 is permeability; and .sub.r is relative permeability of the NiCr metallic material. The metallic component may be a discrete metallic particle or a layer in a multilayer thin film.

A metallic component including a metallic material and having a skin depth of greater than or equal to 1.0 m in a frequency range from 20-40 GHz, as calculated by: $=\sqrt{\frac{2}{\left(2f\right)\left({}_0{}_r\right)}}503\sqrt{\frac{}{{}_{r}f}}.$
In this equation, is skin depth in meters (m); is resistivity in ohm meter (.Math.m); f is frequency of an electromagnetic radiation in hertz (Hz); .sub.0 is permeability; and .sub.r is relative permeability of the metallic material. The metallic component may be a discrete metallic particle or a layer in a multilayer thin film.

An antenna structure to which the present invention is applied includes: a film that transmits visible light and has antennas formed thereon; a feeding part to which coaxial cables for feeding power to the antennas are connected; a flange that transmits visible light and is used for positioning the film from a visible side of equipment; and positioning structures for positioning the film from an invisible side of the equipment.

The propagation of radio waves in indoor and outdoor mobile communications is improved. An electromagnetic wave reflector includes: a panel having a reflecting surface and configured to reflect a radio wave of a desired band selected from frequency bands ranging from 1 GHz to 170 GHz; and a support supporting the panel, and, in this electromagnetic wave reflector, the support has a conductive frame and a non-conductive cover that covers at least part of the frame, and the frame has a slit and a hollow, the slit receiving an end part of the panel, and the hollow being independent of the slit.

A multilayer thin film that reflects an omnidirectional structural color having a reflective core layer comprising a metallic material, a second layer extending across the reflective core layer, a third layer extending across the second layer, and an outer layer extending across the third layer. The multilayer thin film reflects a single narrow band of visible light that is less than 30 measured in Lab color space when viewed from angles between 0 and 45, and the reflective core layer has a skin depth of greater than or equal to 1.0 m in a frequency range from 20-40 GHz, as calculated by:

[00001]$=\sqrt{\frac{2}{\left(2f\right)\left({}_0{}_r\right)}}503\sqrt{\frac{}{{}_{r}f}},$

is skin depth in meters (m); is resistivity in ohm meter (.Math.m); f is frequency of an electromagnetic radiation in hertz (Hz); .sub.0 is permeability; and .sub.r is relative permeability of the metallic material.

A satellite antenna heating system, includes a satellite antenna reflector defining a reflector fluid chamber and that includes a reflector wall. The reflector wall includes a first surface that is located adjacent the reflector fluid chamber, and a second surface that is located opposite the reflector wall from the first surface and provides an outer surface of the satellite antenna reflector, wherein the reflector fluid chamber is configured to channel a fluid through at least a portion of the satellite antenna reflector.

An antenna apparatus includes: an antenna module having a radiation-oriented surface in a first direction to transmit and receive a radio signal; and a radio-wave reinforcement member arranged in a second direction opposite to the first direction within a preset distance from the antenna module to amplify radiation performance of the antenna module, and including an electric conductor having a curved surface concave to the antenna module.