A multi-beam transmit/receive device comprises a Circular Polarization Frequency Selective Surface (CPFSS) unit, a transmit (Tx) flat array antenna assembly with multi-bean flat array antenna and a receive (Rx) flat array antenna assembly with multi-bean flat array antenna. The Tx multi-beam antenna is poisoned with respect to the CPFSS unit so that its transmission is configured to be reflected by the CPFSS unit to a reflector and to be reflected by the reflector in a defined direction and the Rx multi-beam antenna is poisoned with respect to the CPFSS unit so that transmission that hits the reflector from the defined direction and passes through the CPFSS unit focuses on the Rx multi-beam antenna.

Systems and methods relating to patch antennas. A patch antenna has a substrate, a resonant metal plate at one side of the substrate, and a ground plane at the other opposite side of the substrate. Two feed pins are used to couple the antenna to other circuitry. The feed pins pass through the substrate and holes in at the ground plane. The ted pins are physically disconnected from both the resonant metal plate and the ground plane. The feed pins are capacitively coupled to the resonant metal plate to provide an electronic connection between other circuitry and the patch antenna.

The present invention provides an antenna structure, an antenna device and a wireless localization method. The antenna structure includes a first radiation unit including a plurality of first connecting portions and a plurality of first annular radiation portions, a second radiation unit including a plurality of second connecting portions and a plurality of second annular radiation portions, a first conductive wire and a plurality of second conductive wires. A first end of each first annular radiation portion is connected to the first connecting portion, and the second end thereof extends towards the first end of the adjacent first annular radiation portion. A first end of each second annular radiation portion is connected to the second connecting portion, and the second end thereof extends towards the first end of the adjacent second annular radiation portion.

A nonplanar metamaterial polarizer includes: a substrate including dielectric material transmissive to electromagnetic radiation and having a nonplanar shape; a first conductive pattern on a first side of the substrate; and a second conductive pattern on a second side of the substrate. The first and second conductive patterns are configured to alter the polarization of the electromagnetic radiation as it transmits through the substrate. In some cases, the first and second conductive patterns include split-ring resonators, and the nonplanar shape is a cylinder. An antenna system includes the nonplanar metamaterial polarizer and an antenna inside or adjacent to the nonplanar metamaterial polarizer and configured to transmit or receive the electromagnetic radiation through the nonplanar metamaterial polarizer while the nonplanar metamaterial polarizer alters the polarization of the transmitted or received electromagnetic radiation. In some cases, the antenna is a monopole antenna, a dipole antenna, a biconical antenna, or a discone antenna.

A method includes transmitting a digital code from a transmitter to a receiver. Information is transmitted via electromagnetic waves from the transmitter to the receiver. The transmission of the information includes transmitting a first portion of the information using electromagnetic waves with a first polarization in response to a first value of the digital code, and transmitting a second portion of the information using electromagnetic waves of a second polarization in response to a second value of the digital code. The first information may include a first navigational code and the second information may include a second navigational code.

An apparatus comprises: a polarization generator to receive first and second signals, apply to the first and second signals two-dimensional (2D) complex weights to produce 2D weighted complex signals that represent a polarization having a plane of polarization referenced to three-dimensional (3D) orthogonal axes, operate on the 2D weighted complex signals to rotate the plane of polarization angularly with respect to the 3D orthogonal axes, and produce 3D controlled complex signals representing the polarization with the rotated plane of polarization; quadrature upconverter-modulators to modulate the 3D controlled complex signals, to produce 3D modulated radio frequency (RF) signals; and a triaxial antenna including orthogonal 3D linearly polarized elements to receive respective ones of the 3D modulated RF signals and collectively convert the 3D modulated RF signals to radiant RF energy that has the polarization with the rotated plane of polarization.

A waveguide antenna and a method for producing same is disclosed. In one embodiment, The waveguide-fed surface integrated antenna array comprises an aperture coupled waveguide (WG) antenna element with inclusive slot on a first metal layer, a first ground plane as part of a surface integrated waveguide (SIW) on a first metal layer, an embedded microstrip feed on a second metal layer, a second ground plane as part of a SIW with one or more apertures formed within the ground plane on a third metal layer, and a waveguide enclosing the antenna element on the first metal layer. The SIW is formed on the first and third metal layers of the composite RF board along with one or more shorting conductors electrically shorting the first and second ground planes.

A phase-controlled antenna element includes a waveguide emitter with signal output or signal injection, into which a rotatable phase control element is introduced, and a drive unit. The phase control element comprises in this case a holder, at least two polarizers which are fastened to the holder, and a connecting element. Each of the at least two polarizers can convert a circularly polarized signal into a linearly polarized signal. The phase control element is rotatably fitted in the waveguide emitter and is connected to the drive unit with the aid of the connecting element in such a manner that the drive unit can rotate the phase control element about the axis of the waveguide emitter.

A method includes transmitting a digital code from a transmitter to a receiver. Information is transmitted via electromagnetic waves from the transmitter to the receiver. The transmission of the information includes transmitting a first portion of the information using electromagnetic waves with a first polarization in response to a first value of the digital code, and transmitting a second portion of the information using electromagnetic waves of a second polarization in response to a second value of the digital code. The first information may include a first navigational code and the second information may include a second navigational code.

A low-profile apparatus for transitioning circular polarized electromagnetic waves to linear polarized electromagnetic waves when moving in a first direction and transitioning linear polarized electromagnetic waves to circular polarized electromagnetic waves when moving in a second direction. The apparatus includes a substrate with an electrical path positioned within the substrate. A first antenna element attached to the substrate is capacitively coupled to the electrical path and a second antenna element attached to the substrate is capacitively coupled to the electrical path. The apparatus includes a ground plane and electromagnetic waves propagate along the electrical path in a transverse electromagnetic mode. The first antenna element may be positioned within an interior of a first waveguide and the second antenna element may be positioned within an interior of a second waveguide. The first waveguide may have a circular cross-section and the second waveguide may have a rectangular cross-section.