An electromagnetic energy absorber comprising a thin electrically-conductive ground plane as a base. Dielectric layers are positioned over the ground plane and high impedance surface (HIS) as a top layer. The impedance layer can be formed by loading the lumped resistor to a metallic grating like an FSS (Frequency Selective Surface). An air-spacer between the substrates has replaced the problem of the large electrical thickness of the substrate with effective permittivity. Metamaterial structures enable control over the resonant frequencies, and performance is enhanced over a broad frequency band. In addition, two broadband reflective-type linear to orthogonal polarization converters are disclosed that provide improved bandwidth and angular stability performance.

A telecommunications antenna comprising a plurality of unit cells each including at least one radiator which transmits RF energy within a bandwidth range which is a multiple of another radiator. The radiators are proximal to each other such that a resonant condition may be induced into the at least one radiator upon activation of the other radiator. At least one of the radiators is segmented into capacitively-connected radiator elements to suppress a resonance response therein upon activation of the other of the radiator.

Antenna system comprising processor/s in data communication with receiving segment/s in motion on ground and computer memory accessible to processor which stores a computer representation indicative of desirable polarization behavior parameter/s of the airborne transmitting segment, for each relative location of the airborne and ground segments, the processor providing a current relative location of the airborne transmitting and receiving segment/s on the ground, accessing a desirable polarization behavior parameter associated with the current relative location of the airborne and receiving segment/s on ground from the computer representation, accessing a current polarization behavior parameter of the receiving segment/s' antenna, computing a real time adjustment of the polarization's axial ratio which, if applied to the receiving segment antenna, will change the receiving segment antenna's polarization behavior parameter from the current polarization behavior parameter to the stored one, and feeding the real time adjustment to the receiving segment antenna.

Systems, methods, and apparatus for a polarization uniqueness manipulation apparatus (PUMA) are disclosed. In one or more embodiments, an antenna apparatus (e.g., a PUMA) comprises a receive antenna to receive a signal with a first polarization. In one or more embodiments, the antenna apparatus is configured to passively modify the first polarization of the signal to a second polarization. The antenna apparatus further comprises a transmit antenna to transmit the signal with the second polarization. In at least one embodiment, the receive antenna is communicatively coupled to the transmit antenna. In one or more embodiments, the receive antenna and the transmit antenna are each separate patch antennas that are mounted on a substrate of the antenna apparatus at different orientations from one another. In at least one embodiment, the second polarization is dependent upon the different orientations of the receive antenna and the transmit antenna.

A dielectric substrate has a first surface formed with a base plate and a second surface formed with an antenna part. The antenna part has one or more antenna patterns. An additional function part has a plurality of conductor patterns arranged around the antenna part. The plurality of conductor patterns resonate in one or more resonance directions to incident waves having an operating frequency of the antenna part, thereby generating emitted waves having polarized waves different from those of electromagnetic waves transmitted/received by the antenna part. For each of the resonance directions, at least one of the conductor patterns includes at least one line pattern having a width which is narrower than the total width of the conductor patterns in the direction perpendicular to the resonance direction.

A system and method provide simultaneous dual polarization operation using a linearly-polarized planar antenna and a polarizer spaced apart from the linearly-polarized planar antenna, the polarizer including a first polarization state having primarily one of left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) or right-hand circular polarization (RHCP), and a third polarization state having linear polarization from which a combination of both LHCP and RHCP is simultaneously derived. The polarizer is placed in the first polarization state to at least one of transmit or receive a signal having primarily one of LHCP or RHCP, and the polarizer is placed in the third polarization state to simultaneously transmit and/or receive two different signals, where a first signal of the two different signals has primarily LHCP and a second signal of the two different signals has primarily RHCP.

A telecommunications antenna comprising a plurality of unit cells each including at least one radiator which transmits RF energy within a bandwidth range which is a multiple of another radiator. The radiators are proximal to each other such that a resonant condition may be induced into the at least one radiator upon activation of the other radiator. At least one of the radiators is segmented into capacitively-connected radiator elements to suppress a resonance response therein upon activation of the other of the radiator.

Trapped or confined individuals may be located and rescued by detecting their vital signs (e.g., chest movement or heart beat) using reflected, radio frequency signals over a range of multiple antenna polarities.

An antenna includes a plurality of waveguide antenna elements arranged in a first array configured to operate with a first polarization. The antenna also includes a plurality of waveguide output ports arranged in a second array configured to operate with a second polarization. The second polarization is different from the first polarization. The antenna further includes a polarization-modification layer with channels defined therein. The polarization-modification layer is disposed between the waveguide antenna elements and the waveguide output ports. The channels are oriented at a first angle with respect to the waveguide antenna elements and at a second angle with respect to the waveguide output ports. The channels are configured to receive input electromagnetic waves having the first polarization and transmit output electromagnetic waves having a first intermediate polarization. The waveguide output ports are configured to receive input electromagnetic waves and radiate electromagnetic waves having the second polarization.

A dual-mode polarizer for selectively switching between linear polarization and circular polarization includes a first meander-line polarizer, and a second meander-line polarizer spaced apart from the first meander-line polarizer to define a first gap therebetween. A first angular orientation between the first and second meander-line polarizers produces variably-oriented linear polarization of a signal passing through the first and second meander-line polarizers, and a second angular orientation between the first and second meander-line polarizers produces variably-oriented circular polarization of a signal passing through the first and second meander-line polarizers.