An antenna element according to the present invention includes a substrate, an emitting element disposed on the substrate, and metal patterns formed in the same surface of the same substrate as those of the emitting element, and disposed so as to be in an electrically floating state, in which the metal patterns are disposed at such positions that the metal patterns have a specific distance from the emitting element.

An antenna element according to the present invention includes a substrate, an emitting element disposed on the substrate, and metal patterns formed in the same surface of the same substrate as those of the emitting element, and disposed so as to be in an electrically floating state, in which the metal patterns are disposed at such positions that the metal patterns have a specific distance from the emitting element.

An integrated base station antenna comprises a passive antenna and an active antenna installed behind the passive antenna. The active antenna comprises a reflecting plate and an array of radiating elements extending forward from the reflecting plate. The passive antenna includes an array of metal tuning elements that tune the array of radiating elements, where the array of metal tuning elements us positioned in front of the array of radiating elements of the active antenna, and where a longitudinal axis of at least some of the metal tuning elements extend at an angle between 70° and 110° with respect to a plane defined by the reflecting plate.

An integrated base station antenna comprises a passive antenna and an active antenna installed behind the passive antenna. The active antenna comprises a reflecting plate and an array of radiating elements extending forward from the reflecting plate. The passive antenna includes an array of metal tuning elements that tune the array of radiating elements, where the array of metal tuning elements us positioned in front of the array of radiating elements of the active antenna, and where a longitudinal axis of at least some of the metal tuning elements extend at an angle between 70° and 110° with respect to a plane defined by the reflecting plate.

An integrated fan out (InFO) antenna includes a reflector on a surface of a substrate; and a package. The package includes a redistribution layer (RDL) arranged to form an antenna ground, and a patch antenna over the RDL, wherein the RDL is between the patch antenna and the reflector. The InFO antenna further includes a plurality of connecting elements bonding the package to the reflector. Each connecting element of the plurality of connecting elements is located inside an outer perimeter of the reflector. The InFO antenna is configured to output a signal having a wavelength.

An antennas-in-package (AiP) verification board is provided, which includes a carrier board configured for disposing an antenna array or an electronic circuit; and a plurality of SMPM connectors. The plurality of SMPM connectors are arranged in an array on the carrier board and electrically connected with the antenna array or the electronic circuit of the carrier board for testing the characteristics of the antenna array on the carrier board or the characteristics of the electronic circuit on the carrier board. The AiP verification board is fixed on a beamforming test platform. In addition to the aforementioned AiP verification board, an AiP verification board including a plurality of adaptor structures and an AiP verification board including a plurality of connectors and a plurality of adaptor structures are also provided.

An antennas-in-package (AiP) verification board is provided, which includes a carrier board configured for disposing an antenna array or an electronic circuit; and a plurality of SMPM connectors. The plurality of SMPM connectors are arranged in an array on the carrier board and electrically connected with the antenna array or the electronic circuit of the carrier board for testing the characteristics of the antenna array on the carrier board or the characteristics of the electronic circuit on the carrier board. The AiP verification board is fixed on a beamforming test platform. In addition to the aforementioned AiP verification board, an AiP verification board including a plurality of adaptor structures and an AiP verification board including a plurality of connectors and a plurality of adaptor structures are also provided.

A reflective antenna apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a feeder which receives an electromagnetic wave from a transmitter and distributes the electromagnetic wave to the antenna apparatus; a sub reflector which has a step formed to generate an orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode electromagnetic wave; and a main reflector which has a step formed to generate the same electromagnetic wave as the OAM mode generated by the sub reflector and cancels the OAM mode electromagnetic wave generated by the sub reflector and an OAM mode electromagnetic wave generated by the main reflector to radiate the electromagnetic waves to a far field.

A reflective antenna apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a feeder which receives an electromagnetic wave from a transmitter and distributes the electromagnetic wave to the antenna apparatus; a sub reflector which has a step formed to generate an orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode electromagnetic wave; and a main reflector which has a step formed to generate the same electromagnetic wave as the OAM mode generated by the sub reflector and cancels the OAM mode electromagnetic wave generated by the sub reflector and an OAM mode electromagnetic wave generated by the main reflector to radiate the electromagnetic waves to a far field.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a multi-band active antenna, including a broadband antenna, a combiner, and an active module, where a concave window is disposed on an enclosure frame of the broadband antenna, and a first port of the broadband antenna is disposed in the window; the combiner is removably connected to the window, and a first port of the combiner is connected to the first port of the broadband antenna; and a mounting kit is disposed on the enclosure frame of the broadband antenna, and the active module is removably connected to the mounting kit and a first port of the active module is connected to a second port of the combiner by a conducting wire.