A method may involve receiving one or more criteria for a waveguide array antenna. The waveguide array antenna includes a plurality of waveguides. The plurality of waveguides may include a plurality of radiation elements. The method may also involve determining a dataset configured to associate radiation characteristics of a given radiation element with given configuration parameters including a given resonance length a given rotation angle of the given radiation element. The method also involves generating configuration parameters for the plurality of radiation elements based on the dataset. The configuration parameters may cause the waveguide array antenna to be associated with the one or more criteria. The method may also involve providing a request for fabrication of the waveguide array antenna to have the plurality of radiation elements configured according to the configuration parameters.

This document describes techniques, apparatuses, and systems directed to a waveguide end array antenna to reduce grating lobes and cross-polarization. Referred to simply as the waveguide, for short, utilizes a core made of a dielectric material to guide electromagnetic energy from a waveguide input to one or more radiating slots. The dielectric core includes a main channel and one or more forks. Each fork connects the main channel to one or more tine sections, and each tine section is terminated by a closed end and a radiating slot. These radiating slots are separated from each other by a distance to enable at least a portion of the electromagnetic energy to dissipate in phase through the radiating slots. The dielectric core of the waveguide reduces grating lobes and cross-polarization associated with the electromagnetic energy. An automobile can rely on the waveguide to detect objects with increased accuracy.

This document describes a waveguide with radiation slots and parasitic elements for asymmetrical coverage. An apparatus may include a waveguide for providing asymmetrical coverage in an azimuth plane. The waveguide includes a hollow channel containing a dielectric and an array of radiation slots through a surface that is operably connected with the dielectric. The waveguide includes an array of parasitic elements positioned on or in the surface and offset from a longitudinal side of the array of radiation slots. The radiation slots and parasitic elements configure the described waveguide to focus an antenna radiation pattern that provides an asymmetrical coverage to focus on a particular portion within the antenna field-of-view.

This document describes a waveguide with a zigzag for suppressing grating lobes. An apparatus may include a waveguide with a zigzag waveguide channel to suppress grating lobes in diagonal planes of a three-dimensional radiation pattern. The waveguide includes a hollow channel containing a dielectric and an array of radiation slots through a surface that is operably connected with the dielectric. The hollow channel has a zigzag shape along a longitudinal direction through the waveguide. The zigzag waveguide channel and radiation slots configure the described waveguide to suppress grating lobes in an antenna radiation pattern. This document also describes a waveguide formed in part by a printed circuit board to improve the manufacturing process.

This document describes a waveguide with slot-fed dipole elements. An apparatus may include a waveguide for providing narrow coverage in an azimuth plane. The waveguide includes a hollow channel containing a dielectric and an array of radiation slots through a surface that is operably connected with the dielectric. The waveguide includes an array of dipole elements positioned on or in the surface and offset from each longitudinal side of the array of radiation slots. The radiation slots and the dipole elements configure the described waveguide to focus an antenna radiation pattern that supports a narrow beamwidth.

This document describes a folded waveguide for antenna. The folded waveguide may be an air waveguide and includes a hollow core that forms a rectangular opening in a longitudinal direction at one end, a closed wall at an opposite end, and a sinusoidal shape that folds back and forth about a longitudinal axis that runs in the longitudinal direction through the hollow core. The hollow core forms a plurality of radiation slots, each including a hole through one of multiple surfaces that defines the hollow core. The radiation slots are arranged on the one surface to produce a particular antenna pattern. The radiation slots and sinusoidal shape enable the folded waveguide to prevent grating lobes from appearing in the particular antenna pattern on either side of a horizontal-polarity, main beam, or to prevent X-band lobes from appearing in the particular antenna pattern on either side of a vertical-polarity, main beam.

A modular wideband antenna includes a ground plane, first and second antenna elements disposed on a first surface of a substrate, a first portion of a two-layer feed balun disposed on the first surface of the substrate, and electrically coupled to the first and second antenna elements, and to the ground plane, a second portion of the two-layer feed balun disposed on a second surface of the substrate, the second portion of the two-layer feed balun being electrically coupled to a signal feed, and being capacitively coupled to the first portion of the two-layer feed balun, first and second coupling capacitances disposed on the second surface of the substrate, the first coupling capacitance being capacitively coupled to the first antenna element, and the second coupling capacitance being capacitively coupled to the second antenna element, and first and second grounding posts being electrically coupled to the first and second coupling capacitances.

A system is disclosed and includes a plurality of antennas. Each antenna includes a plurality of conductive elements and is circularly polarized. The plurality of conductive elements is configured to receive radio frequency (RF) signals. A first end of each of the plurality of conductive elements is electrically coupled to a printed circuit board, which includes a plurality of coupler circuits and a switching circuit. The plurality of coupler circuits is configured to combine the RF signals and output a signal to the switching circuit based on the combined RF signals. The switching circuit is configured to selectively output one of the signals based on at least one control port of the switching circuit being selectively activated by a control signal. The system also includes a microcontroller configured to determine, based on at least one of the signals, an angle of arrival associated with the plurality of antennas.

A method of manufacturing a device is provided. The method includes forming a first cavity in a first substrate with the first cavity having a first depth. A second cavity is formed in a second substrate with the second cavity having a second depth. The first cavity and the second cavity are aligned with each other. The first substrate is affixed to the second substrate to form a waveguide substrate having a hollow waveguide with a first dimension substantially equal to the first depth plus the second depth. A conductive layer is formed on the sidewalls of the hollow waveguide. The waveguide substrate is placed over a packaged semiconductor device, the hollow waveguide aligned with a launcher of the packaged semiconductor device.

Waveguide and/or antenna structures for use in RADAR sensor assemblies and the like. In some embodiments, the assembly may comprise a waveguide groove extending along an elongated axis. An antenna structure may be operably coupled with the waveguide groove and may comprise one or more slots extending within the waveguide groove along the elongated axis. The antenna structure may be positioned and configured to deliver electromagnetic radiation from the waveguide groove therethrough. The waveguide groove and/or the slot(s) of the antenna structure may intermittently oscillate on opposite sides of the elongated axis, in some embodiments in a periodic manner, along at least a portion of the elongated axis.