Antenna assemblies for vehicles, such as RADAR sensor antenna assemblies. In some embodiments, the assembly may comprise an antenna block defining a waveguide groove and an adapter portion comprising a ridge. The ridge may taper or otherwise transition in height and/or width to facilitate a transition between two adjacent elements of the assembly, such as two adjacent waveguide structures comprising ridges having different cross-sectional dimensions.

A 5G broadband antenna is disclosed herein. The 5G broadband antenna comprises a first antenna element and a second antenna element. Each of the first antenna element and the second antenna element has a main branch with a slot therein. The antenna apparatus covers a first frequency band of 617-960 MegaHertz, a second frequency band of 1.4-1.6 GigaHertz (GHZ), a third frequency band of 1.71-2.7 GHz, a fourth frequency band of 3.3 to 4.2 GHz, and a fifth frequency band of 4.3 to 6.0 GHz.

A radio frequency coupling structure comprising (1) a substrate that forms a top side of a waveguide, (2) a first conductive layer disposed on a bottom side of the substrate, (3) a second conductive layer incorporated within the substrate, (4) a through via that is communicatively coupled to the first conductive layer and extends through an opening in the second conductive layer toward a top side of the substrate, and/or (5) a ring slot formed around the through via in the first conductive layer. Various other apparatuses, systems, and methods are also disclosed.

A semiconductor device package includes a substrate and a conductive lid. The conductive lid is disposed within the substrate. The conductive lid defines a waveguide having a cavity. The waveguide is configured to transmit a signal from a first electronic component to a second electronic component through the cavity.

Apparatus and systems are disclosed and include a body having a plurality of slots. Each of the plurality of slots includes a first portion, a second portion, and a third portion. The first portion is located on a first surface of the body. The second portion is located on a second surface of the body and forms a helical shape. The third portion is located on a third surface of the body. The first surface and the second surface are non-parallel. The third surface and the second surface are non-parallel. The apparatus includes a plurality of antenna elements that are disposed in a respective one of the plurality of slots. The plurality of antenna elements is configured to receive radio frequency (RF) signals. The apparatus includes a ground plane that is coupled to a first end of each of the plurality of antenna elements.

Multiple feed, front-shielded, coplanar waveguide, direct-fed, cavity-backed slot antennas are described. Various implementations form an antenna unit capable of millimeter waveform and/or microwave waveform transmissions. An antenna comprises a conductive plate that includes an aperture. The aperture has a shape that extends along an axis that bisects the aperture into first and second bisected portions, the first bisected portion having a first geometry type, and the second portion having a second geometry type that is a bilateral symmetry shape type of the first geometry type. In implementations, the aperture is configured to radiate waveforms within a frequency range from about between 600 Megahertz (MHz) to 72 Gigahertz (GHz) by applying multiple signal feeds to the conductive plate.

Methods and systems are disclosed and include receiving a signal via a first communication channel at a plurality of azimuth angles. The method includes determining a plurality of first communication channel phase angle differences between a pair of antennas. The method includes receiving a second signal via a second communication channel and at the plurality of azimuth angles. The method includes determining a plurality of second communication channel phase angle differences between the pair of antennas that each correspond to one of the plurality of azimuth angles. The method includes generating a first reference curve based on the plurality of first communication channel phase angle differences. The method includes generating a second reference curve based on the plurality of second communication channel phase angle differences. The method also includes generating a calibration curve that is based on an interpolation of the first reference curve and the second reference curve.

The present invention includes a method of making a slotted waveguide antenna structure with a matched ground plane comprising: forming in a photosensitive glass substrate a coaxial-to-coplanar waveguide (CPW) section connected to a power divider, an emission cavity area for the slotted antenna and one or more vias; depositing a metal ground plane to a first surface of the photosensitive glass substrate; depositing a copper layer on the photosensitive glass substrate with a pattern of slots that form a slot antenna above the emission cavity; forming one or more glass pillars in the emission cavity under the slot antenna; etching away the photosensitive glass in the emission cavity while retaining the one or more glass pillars; connecting a micro coaxial connector to the coaxial-to-coplanar waveguide (CPW) section; and one or more solder bumps at the vias that connect to the ground plane, to form a slotted antenna.

Provided are a directional pattern calculation method and apparatus for a beam pointing adjustable antenna. In the design method, key control factors are quantized, for example, a arrangement and combination modes for a plurality of slot units and wave-controlled codes for conducting and cut-off states of a slot unit, and different combinations of slot units and a far-field directional pattern of a controlled array antenna are evaluated, so that electrical performance indicators of the array antenna can be further evaluated. Weighting calculation is implemented for a directional pattern of a beam pointing adjustable antenna. Key information such as a form of a slot unit and a arrangement and combination modes for slot units can be globally optimized. Optimization on selection, a permutation, a combination, a spacing, and the like of slot units is greatly saved during antenna design, so as to focus on design of a structural form of a slot unit. In addition, wave controlled codes for conducting and cut off states corresponding to each slot unit may be further calculated according to a beam directivity deflection requirement, to provide guidance for beam directivity control and implement fast beam forming and switching.

Multiple feed, front-shielded, coplanar waveguide, direct-fed, cavity-backed slot antennas are described. Various implementations form an antenna unit capable of millimeter waveform and/or microwave waveform transmissions. An antenna comprises a conductive plate that includes an aperture. The aperture has a shape that extends along an axis that bisects the aperture into first and second bisected portions, the first bisected portion having a first geometry type, and the second portion having a second geometry type that is a bilateral symmetry shape type of the first geometry type. In implementations, the aperture is configured to radiate waveforms within a frequency range from about between 600 Megahertz (MHz) to 72 Gigahertz (GHz) by applying multiple signal feeds to the conductive plate.