A grounding clamp is provided. The grounding clamp comprises a body portion having first and second sides, first and second fingers extending from the first side of the body portion, a first set of teeth extending from the first side of the body portion, the first set of teeth positioned between the first and second fingers, and a second set of teeth extending from the second side of the body portion.

A through roof connector assembly for connecting an air termination conductor to a conducting rod through a roof of a structure while limiting water ingress into the roof. The through roof connector assembly includes a universal top, a threaded stud, a conduit connection component with an upper threaded tap hole and a lower threaded tap hole which do not meet to provide a completely weatherproof connection, and a conduit extending through a roof membrane when installed in the roof. The conduit has within a conducting rod, the conducting rod threaded the lower threaded tap hole of the conduit connection component. The air terminal also threads into the threaded stud. An o-ring is located between the conduit connection component and the conduit to provide a further weatherproof connection.

The present disclosure provides electrical clamps that can easily attach to a variety of shaped objects, such as fence posts and other objects for the purpose of establishing an electrical connection or conductive path between the electrical clamp, an object the electrical clamp is secured to, and a conductor attached to the electrical clamp. The electrical clamp utilizes an adjustable saddle construction that can be secured to the geometry of objects, such as a square, rectangular, round or oval geometry of the object, and a clamp cap construction that can electrically couple one or more conductors to the electrical clamp.

Certain embodiments described herein are directed to couplers configured to provide an electrical connection between two or more separate electrical wires. In certain embodiments, the coupler is configured to provide the electrical connection without the two electrical wires physically contacting each other. In other instances, the coupler can be configured to provide an electrical connection between the wires without the use of an electrical box or wiring nuts.

Certain embodiments described herein are directed to couplers configured to provide an electrical connection between two or more separate electrical wires. In certain embodiments, the coupler is configured to provide the electrical connection without the two electrical wires physically contacting each other. In other instances, the coupler can be configured to provide an electrical connection between the wires without the use of an electrical box or wiring nuts.

Modular packaging includes a solid state relay and a function module, wherein the function module comprises a housing containing a printed circuit board and an elevating screw. The elevating screw comprises a first end with an external threading and a second end with an external threading, where the elevating screw may be selectively altered between a first position and a second position within the housing. Related embodiments are disclosed.

There is provided a contact structure, comprising a substrate contact including a first contact portion that is located on a leading end side of the substrate contact and that comes into contact with a substrate and a second contact portion that is located nearer to a base end side of the substrate contact than the first contact portion; a seal member configured to cover a periphery of the substrate contact and to have a sealing surface that comes into contact with the substrate to seal the substrate contact; a first pressing portion configured to elastically apply a contact pressure on the substrate to the substrate contact; and a second pressing portion configured to come into contact with the seal member and to apply a contact pressure on the substrate to the seal member independently of the first pressing portion, wherein the first contact portion adheres to the seal member, and the second contact portion is fit in the seal member to be displaceable relative to the seal member.

There is provided a contact structure, comprising a substrate contact including a first contact portion that is located on a leading end side of the substrate contact and that comes into contact with a substrate and a second contact portion that is located nearer to a base end side of the substrate contact than the first contact portion; a seal member configured to cover a periphery of the substrate contact and to have a sealing surface that comes into contact with the substrate to seal the substrate contact; a first pressing portion configured to elastically apply a contact pressure on the substrate to the substrate contact; and a second pressing portion configured to come into contact with the seal member and to apply a contact pressure on the substrate to the seal member independently of the first pressing portion, wherein the first contact portion adheres to the seal member, and the second contact portion is fit in the seal member to be displaceable relative to the seal member.

An electrical connector includes two pads having the same shape. Each pad has a connector body with a first groove, a second groove, and a hole. The hole extends through the connector body between the first groove and the second groove. A fastener extends through the hole of both of the two pads so that the two pads having the same shape are connected to one another and are pivotable around the fastener relative to one another with the two first grooves contacting a first conductor when the first conductor is in an installed position and the two second grooves contacting a second conductor when the second conductor is in an installed position. A spring is between a first end of the fastener and one of the two pads having the same shape so that the spring biases the two pads having the same shape towards each other.

An electrical connector includes two pads having the same shape. Each pad has a connector body with a first groove, a second groove, and a hole. The hole extends through the connector body between the first groove and the second groove. A fastener extends through the hole of both of the two pads so that the two pads having the same shape are connected to one another and are pivotable around the fastener relative to one another with the two first grooves contacting a first conductor when the first conductor is in an installed position and the two second grooves contacting a second conductor when the second conductor is in an installed position. A spring is between a first end of the fastener and one of the two pads having the same shape so that the spring biases the two pads having the same shape towards each other.