An apparatus (such as a power converter circuit) includes s primary winding, an auxiliary winding, and an over-voltage protection circuit (such as a controller and corresponding one or more circuit components). The primary winding receives an input voltage. The auxiliary winding is magnetically coupled to the primary winding. The primary winding receives energy from the input voltage, the auxiliary winding receives the energy from the primary winding. The over-voltage protection circuit controls conveyance of the energy received from the primary winding through a discharge circuit path to a reference voltage (such as ground). Conveyance of the energy (as received from the auxiliary winding) associated with the input voltage through the discharge circuit path prevents damage to a respective power converter circuit during exposure of the input voltage to a power surge condition such as due to lightning.

A breaker apparatus and an inverter system are configured to disconnect an electrical connection when a fault occurs in a protected circuit. The breaker apparatus is connected in series in a protected circuit, and is configured to disconnect the electrical connection when a fault occurs in the protected circuit. The breaker apparatus includes a first branch, and a second branch. The first branch includes an overcurrent-automatic-disconnection unit and a first current limiting unit that are connected in series, where the overcurrent-automatic-disconnection unit is configured to be automatically disconnected when a current flowing through the overcurrent-automatic-disconnection unit exceeds a breaking current threshold. The a second branch is configured to be open or closed under control of the controller. The controller is configured to control the first controllable switch unit to be closed when the protected circuit operates normally, and control the first controllable switch unit to be open when a fault occurs in the protected circuit.

In a line to line fault detection and protection system, a source end power supply supplies power to a remote load over a transmission line and monitors the dynamic behavior of a transmission line power characteristic. If that dynamic behavior is outside a constraint that is actively imposed on the transmission line dynamic behavior by a load end power conditioning system, a possible line to line fault is recognized. The preferred power characteristic is current and the preferred constraint is a maximum rate of change of current drawn from the transmission line by the load end power conditioning system.

According to an embodiment, a multiphase regulator includes a plurality of output phases each of which is operable to deliver a phase current through a separate inductor to a load connected to the output phases via the inductors and an output capacitor. A controller is operable to regulate a voltage delivered to the load by adjusting the phase currents delivered to the load by the output phases, monitor the phase currents delivered to the load by the output phases, test the output phases in a predetermined sequence, and determine if the phase currents respond in a predetermined way.

An example system includes an input voltage terminal; a power converter integrated circuit (IC) package fuselessly coupled to the input voltage terminal and having first and second pins, the power converter IC package configured to detect a short between the first and second pins; and a load circuit coupled to the power converter IC package.

To provide a power converter and a breaking mechanism which can break a DC current and can suppress that a fused material scatter to other circuits at fusing, in the case the breaking mechanism of excess current is formed by a circuit pattern of a circuit board. A breaking mechanism is formed by a multilayer circuit board, and is provided with one or two fuse patterns which fuse when excessive current flows, and a scattering prevention pattern, wherein the one or two fuse patterns are provided in an inner layer, and wherein the scattering prevention pattern is provided in a layer different from the one or the two fuse patterns, and overlaps with at least a part of a fusing part of each of the one or two fuse patterns, viewing in a normal direction of a circuit board face.

A converter system for transferring power including a first converter unit, a second converter unit and a control unit. The first converter unit and the second converter unit are connected in parallel. The first converter unit is connected to a high voltage system via a first series switch unit and the second converter unit is connected to the high voltage system via a second series switch unit. The first converter unit is connected to a low voltage system via a third series switch unit and the second converter unit is connected to the low voltage system via a fourth series switch unit. The control unit is configured to disconnect the first series switch unit and high voltage system in case of a failure in the first converter unit or to disconnect the second series switch unit and high voltage system in case of a failure in the second converter unit.

A smart window and a controller thereof, a power detection method and a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium are provided. The controller includes: a microcontroller; an output circuit coupled to the microcontroller and configured to output a driving signal under a control of the microcontroller; a first power supply coupled to a load through the output circuit and configured to supply an operating power supply to the load; a sampling resistor between the output circuit and the first power supply, a first terminal of the sampling resistor being coupled to the first power supply, and the second terminal of the sampling resistor being coupled to the output circuit; and a power acquiring circuit coupled to the microcontroller and coupled to the first terminal and the second terminal of the sampling resistor, respectively.

A high voltage protection system for saddle type vehicle detects the short circuiting of any wire. The high voltage protection system provides three different modules: a high voltage protection circuit, a fault collection circuit, and a fault detection circuit, working together to detect the short circuiting or voltage spike and disconnect the vehicle loads from the power supply to prevent an accident.

Even when one power conversion device among a plurality of power conversion devices connected in parallel experiences a short circuit, the other power conversion devices having experienced no short circuit can be promptly restarted. Each power conversion device includes: a short circuit occurrence determination unit configured to determine, on the basis of a current value at an output terminal, whether or not a short circuit has occurred; a short circuit elimination determination unit configured to determine, on the basis of a current value and a voltage value at the output terminal, whether or not the short circuit has been eliminated; and a current interruption unit configured to, on the basis of determination by the short circuit occurrence determination unit and determination by the short circuit elimination determination unit, interrupt current that flows from a power conversion unit to the output terminal or cancel the interruption.