Electrically connecting a first node of a first power grid to a second node of a second power grid includes: determining a phase angle of at least one phase of an AC voltage at the first node in the first power grid; determining a phase angle of at least one phase of an AC voltage at the second node in the second power grid; determining a phase angle metric based on comparing the phase angle of the AC voltage in the first power grid to the phase angle of the AC voltage in the second power grid; comparing the phase angle metric to a phase angle threshold; and if the phase angle metric is equal to or exceeds the phase angle threshold, controlling a dispatchable energy source in the first power grid in a P-Q control mode to adjust the phase angle of at least one phase of the AC voltage at the first node.

An example apparatus for controlling one or more inverters is provided herein. In some embodiments, the apparatus for controlling one or more inverters may include one or more controllers. In some embodiments, each of the one or more inverters is associated with at least one power source. In some embodiments, each of the one or more controllers may configured to provide droop control, voltage magnitude control, phase control, frequency control and inertia control for an associated inverter of the one or more inverters. In some embodiments, each of the one or more controllers comprises a voltage control loop, a virtual inertia control loop, and a droop control loop enabling the power supplies to sync with a power grid and/or other power supplies when the power supply is disconnected from the power grid and/or other power supplies and/or connected to a power supply to the power grid and/or other power supplies.

An example apparatus for controlling one or more inverters is provided herein. In some embodiments, the apparatus for controlling one or more inverters may include one or more controllers. In some embodiments, each of the one or more inverters is associated with at least one power source. In some embodiments, each of the one or more controllers may configured to provide droop control, voltage magnitude control, phase control, frequency control and inertia control for an associated inverter of the one or more inverters. In some embodiments, each of the one or more controllers comprises a voltage control loop, a virtual inertia control loop, and a droop control loop enabling the power supplies to sync with a power grid and/or other power supplies when the power supply is disconnected from the power grid and/or other power supplies and/or connected to a power supply to the power grid and/or other power supplies.

An electrical distribution grid energy management and router device, or GER device, may be installed in a distribution grid, and route power from power supply to one or more power consumers. The GER devices described herein may provide platforms to add one or more features to a distribution transformer, provide additional features and benefits to both the utility company and end consumer, and may serve as a platform for providing other features, such as communications services, local and remote management, and intelligence to components of the distribution grid. A GER device may include sensors to measure electrical properties of incoming and outgoing power, and may include an electrical circuit layer having a central DC power stage. A GER device may also include a communications platform for one or more communication devices to communicate with a utility, power consumers, other electrical devices/parties, and/or other GER devices to form a micro-grid.

A system for determining a linear state estimation of a power distribution network. The system includes a plurality of metering devices, a plurality of power sources, each of the plurality of power sources coupled to a respective metering device, and a plurality of collection devices, each of the plurality of collection devices in electronic communication with a respective metering device. The plurality of collection devices measure an Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) dataset and calculate a phase angle of the power source coupled to the metering device. The system includes a host device in electronic communication with the plurality of collection devices. An electronic processor of the host device receives the AMI dataset and the phase angle of the plurality of metering devices, determines the linear state estimation of the power distribution network based on the phase angle and the AMI dataset, and identifies information associated with the power distribution network.

A system for determining a linear state estimation of a power distribution network. The system includes a plurality of metering devices, a plurality of power sources, each of the plurality of power sources coupled to a respective metering device, and a plurality of collection devices, each of the plurality of collection devices in electronic communication with a respective metering device. The plurality of collection devices measure an Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) dataset and calculate a phase angle of the power source coupled to the metering device. The system includes a host device in electronic communication with the plurality of collection devices. An electronic processor of the host device receives the AMI dataset and the phase angle of the plurality of metering devices, determines the linear state estimation of the power distribution network based on the phase angle and the AMI dataset, and identifies information associated with the power distribution network.

Embodiments herein described provide systems and techniques for performing black start operations. For example, one embodiment provides a method for performing black start operations. The method generally includes operating a wind turbine in a wind park in a first mode to provide power to an alternating-current (AC) grid using a control system. The control system may include a reactive power control leg and an active power control leg. The method also includes switching operation of the wind turbine from the first mode to a second mode based on an indication to perform a black start of an electrical grid and by activating a controller with an integral action to thereby increase output power of the wind turbine, the controller being coupled between the reactive power control leg and the active power control leg, and providing power to the electrical grid while operating in the second mode.

The invention discloses a power feedback control system and method of MGP system, including detecting the actual active power delivered by the generator to the grid through the measurement and calculation module; making a difference between the measured active power and the given active power; calculating the frequency regulation amount through the PI regulation module according to the difference, and taking it as feedback; calculating the frequency reference value of the converter in the control system; and fine tuning the frequency of the converter through the PI regulation module; regulating the phase difference through frequency modulation; realizing the goal of controlling the power output, so that when predicting the output power of new energy before MGP is connected to the grid based on power feedback control, the output of the control system will not be delayed and the defects that affect the stability and reliability of the control system will not appear, to ensure the successful introduction of new energy grid connection method.

The invention discloses a power feedback control system and method of MGP system, including detecting the actual active power delivered by the generator to the grid through the measurement and calculation module; making a difference between the measured active power and the given active power; calculating the frequency regulation amount through the PI regulation module according to the difference, and taking it as feedback; calculating the frequency reference value of the converter in the control system; and fine tuning the frequency of the converter through the PI regulation module; regulating the phase difference through frequency modulation; realizing the goal of controlling the power output, so that when predicting the output power of new energy before MGP is connected to the grid based on power feedback control, the output of the control system will not be delayed and the defects that affect the stability and reliability of the control system will not appear, to ensure the successful introduction of new energy grid connection method.

This disclosure relates to a hierarchical power control system linked to a cloud server comprising a first microgrid cell including a first ESS equipped with a UPS structure and a first load with a power state managed by the first ESS; a second microgrid cell including a second load and a second ESS that manages a power state of the second load; a third microgrid cell including a third load; an emergency cell including an additional ESS equipped with a UPS structure and an additional emergency generator, and selectively connected to the second microgrid cell; a middleware server which communicates with the first to third microgrid cells and the emergency cell; and an integrated control system for receiving power supply state information of the first to third microgrid cells, and establishing an integrated operation schedule based on the received power supply state information of the first to third microgrid cells.