The present disclosure includes an inverter connected to a power supply unit via a positive electrode side electrical path and a negative electrode side electrical path and including switching elements, a rotary electric machine including windings connected to each other at a neutral point and inputting and outputting power from and to the power supply unit via the inverter, a connection path electrically connecting an intermediate point between the storage batteries of the power supply unit to the neutral point of the windings, and a device including a first terminal and a second terminal enabling energization between the power supply unit and the device. The first terminal is connected to the connection path, and the second terminal is connected to at least one of the positive electrode side electrical path and the negative electrode side electrical path.

An energy storage system includes a plurality of bidirectional power converters and a plurality of windings. The plurality of windings shares a magnetic core. A controller transfers energy of a target battery to the magnetic core using a target bidirectional power converter and a target winding at a same time. A voltage of the target battery is greater than those of some or all batteries other than the target battery. As the battery is charged and discharged, the voltage of the battery changes, and the controller only needs to find a new target battery to continue discharging until voltages of all the batteries are equalized, for example, voltage differences between all the batteries are all within a preset voltage range.

A battery monitoring apparatus includes: battery state detection devices configured to detect states of battery modules: a control device wirelessly connected to a plurality of the battery state detection devices to manage the states of the battery modules; and a processing unit configured to give, to the battery state detection devices to which identification information is to be given, an identification information indicating arrangement positions of the battery state detection devices based on a plurality of wireless communication strengths among wireless communication strengths between the battery state detection devices to which the identification information is to be given and other battery state detection devices, and wireless communication strengths between the battery state detection devices to which the identification information is to be given and the control device.

Systems, devices, computer-implemented methods, and/or computer program products that can facilitate an intelligent battery cell are addressed. In one example, a device can comprise: active battery cell material; and an internal circuit coupled to the active battery cell material and comprising: a circuit board; two alternating current (AC) power points; two isolated direct current (DC) power points; and a controller that can operate one or more switches on an H-bridge circuit to disconnect the device from a main battery in a bypass mode. In another example, a smart cell modulator can comprise: a set of smart battery cells; and a controller that can operate to selectively engage a subset of the smart battery cells to enable load sharing, distributed feedback control, circulate load across one or more smart battery cells of the set of smart battery cells to increase torque, and to enable speed requests.

An energy storage system, a balancing control method for an energy storage system, or a photovoltaic power system are disclosed. The energy storage system includes a controller and three power conversion branches. Each power conversion branch includes a power conversion circuit, or each power conversion branch includes at least two power conversion circuits connected in series. A second end of each power conversion circuit is connected to at least one battery cluster, each battery cluster includes at least two energy storage modules connected in series, each energy storage module includes one direct current/direct current conversion circuit and one battery pack, an output end of each battery pack is connected to an input end of a corresponding direct current/direct current conversion circuit, and an output end of each direct current/direct current conversion circuit is connected in parallel to a balancing bus.

A battery charging system includes a first battery charger configured to charge a first battery, a second battery charger configured to charge a second battery, a third battery charger configured to charge a third battery, a first switch circuit configured to open and close an electrical connection between the first battery and the second battery, a second switch circuit configured to open and close an electrical connection between the second battery and the third battery, and a system controller configured to control operations of the first battery charger, the second battery charger, the third battery charger, the first switch circuit, and the second switch circuit. During a charging mode, the system controller is configured to open, by the first switch circuit, the electrical connection between the first battery and the second battery and open, by the second switch circuit, the electrical connection between the second battery and the third battery.

Testbeds for battery management systems (BMSs) and/or batteries, as well as methods of using the same, are provided. A testbed can be a control-hardware-in-the-loop (CHIL) testbed and can include a simulation bench including a battery cell simulator, a temperature simulator, and/or a real-time simulator. The simulator bench can further include a programmable power supply, a relay, a resistor, and/or a communication protocol.

The present invention provides a battery equalizing apparatus and method, and an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The battery equalizing apparatus includes: a battery gauge configured to monitor battery level information of a battery in a static state, a battery equalizing circuit being disposed inside the battery gauge; and a microprocessor connected to a communication port of the battery gauge and configured to: acquire the battery level information monitored by the battery gauge, and calculate a pressure difference between cells of the battery in a static state according to the battery level information, and determine whether the pressure difference is greater than a pressure difference threshold; the microprocessor sending a trigger signal to the battery gauge through the communication port when the pressure difference is greater than the pressure difference threshold, to trigger the equalizing circuit of the battery gauge to equalize the battery. Through implementation of the present invention, a space of a circuit board may be saved by using an internally integrated equalization function of the battery gauge, facilitating miniaturization of the battery.

A charging and discharging system includes multiple battery packs and one or more voltage equalization modules. The multiple battery packs are connected in parallel. Each of a subset of the battery packs is connected in series with a voltage equalization module of the one or more voltage equalization modules. The voltage equalization module is configured to adjust, to a target voltage, an output voltage of the corresponding battery pack and the voltage equalization module that are connected in series.

A redox flow battery system includes at least two battery modules, a bidirectional converter, and a controller. The battery modules are connected in series and are connected to the converter. Each battery module has a cell array with a plurality of redox flow cells and a tank device for storing electrolyte and supplying electrolyte to the cell array. The battery system further includes a DC-to-DC converter for each battery module, one terminal of each DC-to-DC converter being connected to one battery module, and a second terminal of each DC-to-DC converter being connected to a common DC bus. An additional converter is connected to the DC bus. The controller is connected to the additional converter and to the DC-to-DC converters in such a way that the controller can control the additional converter and the DC-to-DC converters.