A method includes establishing a cost for consumption of a given resource by a given resource consumer for a designated period of time, the cost comprising a fixed cost for consumption of the given resource up to a threshold consumption level for the designated time period and an additional cost associated with consumption of the given resource exceeding the threshold consumption level for the designated period of time, monitoring consumption of the given resource by the given resource consumer, determining whether resource consumption by the given resource consumer is projected to exceed the threshold consumption level over the designated time period, generating an alert responsive to determining that resource consumption by the given resource consumer is projected to exceed the threshold consumption level over the designated time period, and providing the alert for presentation via a user interface of a user device associated with the given resource consumer.

The present disclosure relates to a method for primary frequency regulation of an electric network based on large building air conditioning loads cluster. The method includes the use of a two layer control structure with a central coordinating layer and a local control layer. Each local controller performs a thermal model parameter identification and a local air conditioning autonomous control, and uploads local information to the central controller at the end of each communication interval t.sub.gap, the central controller broadcasts coordinating information to each local controller. Based on the coordinating information sent from the central controller, each local controller determines whether a power deviation is beyond an action dead zone at the beginning of each action period t.sub.act, if beyond, then perform a frequency regulation control action, else, perform no action and estimate operation states of all the air conditionings at the beginning of the next action period.

A method of controlling an energy storage system to reduce a peak energy procurement includes obtaining a load forecast for an energy consumption system, and, at each of a plurality of predetermined time intervals during a predetermined time period, observing a charge state of an energy storage component and a load presented by the energy consumption system, determining an energy action for the energy storage component as a function of the load forecast, observed load and observed charge state, and executing the determined energy action. Determining the energy action can include composing and optimizing a sample average approximation of a cost function for the energy storage component and energy consumption system, where the sample average approximation is composed by generating a predetermined number of random load trajectories for the energy consumption system, and forming the sample average approximation as an average of a maximum energy purchase function for each of the random load trajectories as a function of the energy action.

An electronic system for power consumption management of one or more domestic appliances is routinely informed on actual energy tariff through a network control unit or through a predetermined time-table stored in the system. A user interface of the electronic system is provided where the user can set his preference concerning the switch-on time of each appliance and/or function thereof and read the related estimated energy consumption and/or energy cost of the appliance working program.

A network system is provided. The network system includes: at least one component selected from an energy receiving unit receiving energy and an energy management unit managing the energy receiving unit. The energy receiving unit or the energy management unit receives energy rate related information; an energy usage amount or a usage rate of when the component is controlled on the basis of at least the energy rate related information is less than that of when the component is controlled without the basis of at least energy rate related information; if the energy rate related information is high cost information, a function of one component constituting the energy receiving unit is limited; and an operating time or an output of the energy receiving unit is adjusted in correspondence to the limited function of one component.

Control of supplying power to a storage device is performed based on carbon emission strength or a power rate. A battery center 13 that constitutes a storage device 11 performs radio communication with a gateway 4 and is controlled by the gateway 4. The gateway 4 collects a measured value of power consumed by electric appliances in a home and obtains the carbon emission strength in real time. A solar panel 9 is provided and a battery of the storage device 11 is charged with an output of the solar panel. The battery is also charged with direct current power obtained from power from outside. The power is stored in the storage device 11 based on the carbon emission strength by charging control.

A load control device may be used to control and deliver power to an electrical load. The load control device may comprise a control circuit for controlling the power delivered to the electrical load. The load control device may comprise multiple actuators, where each of the actuators is connected between a terminal of the control circuit and a current regulating device. The number of the actuators may be greater than the number of the terminals. The control circuit may measure signals at the terminals and determine a state configuration for the actuators based on the measured signals. The control circuit may compare the state configuration to a predetermined dataset to detect a ghosting condition.

Aspects of the invention relate to system and method of storing off-peak electricity. The system includes an energy storage device electrically coupled to an electricity grid of at least one electricity provider, where the energy storage device has a storing capacity and is chargeable or dischargeable, upon demand, and a controller configured to control operation of the energy storage device such that the energy storage device is charged with the off-peak electricity at an off-peak time each day when a demand for electricity is low from the electricity grid, and is discharged at a peak time each day when the demand for electricity is high, to provide an amount of the stored electricity, to the at least one electricity provider.

A technique for managing power usage in a local communication network. The network includes at least one device having at least one operation phase. A processing unit receives information related to at least one operation phase of the device after detecting an operation phase change. The information includes power used by the device during the phase and an estimated duration of the phase. The processing unit determines projected power usage within the local network for the duration of the operation of the device, the projected power usage taking the form of at least one power usage increment and an associated increment duration. For a power usage increment, the processing unit: determines an output current to be output by at least one battery in order to at least partially compensate the increment; and sends, to the battery, a command to discharge the output current determined for the duration of the increment.

A power supply management system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a fee setting unit configured to set power fee unit prices (first power fee unit price and second power fee unit price for each time slot, and a notification unit configured to notify a consumer of information on the set power fee unit prices. The first power fee unit price is a power unit price for a household electrical load, and the second power fee unit price is a power unit price in a case of using a charge/discharge device to charge a vehicle-mounted storage battery. The fee setting unit is configured to set, by predicting a load factor of a transformer, a discount rate of the second power fee unit price to become higher (second power fee unit price to become lower) as the predicted load factor becomes lower. The second power fee unit price is determined on the basis of the first power fee unit price and the discount rate.