An electronic circuit and method are provided. The electronic circuit includes an amplifier including first cascode branch and a second cascode branch, the amplifier being configured to receive a differential input and control signals, control gate voltages in the first cascode branch and gate voltages in the second cascode branch, generate a first output signal with the first cascode branch, and generate a second output signal with the second cascode branch, and a coupler configured to perform a summation of the first output signal and the second output signal, and generate a final phase shifted output, wherein the first cascode branch or the second cascode branch includes a first cascode arm and a second cascode arm.

An active mixer for frequency conversion used in a wireless communication system improves conversion gain and noise figure by improving switching characteristics of a mixer using a LO signal without requiring additional power consumption of an active mixer block. Further disclosed is a method for improving conversion gain and noise figure of an active mixer. The active mixer includes a switching stage for receiving a LO signal and selectively performing a switching-on/off operation for frequency conversion, a body signal generator for generating a body signal to be applied to a body of an NMOS transistor of the switching stage based on the LO signal, and a voltage controller for controlling the body signal generator to selectively apply the body signal to the body of the NMOS transistor based on to the switching-on/off operation of the switching stage to control a threshold voltage of the transistor of the switching stage.

A mixer includes a load portion connected between an input terminal of a first power voltage and an output terminal of the radio frequency transmit signal and configured to adjust a magnitude of the radio frequency transmit signal, a first switching unit connected to an output terminal of the radio frequency transmit signal, and configured to perform a first switching operation in response to a plurality of local oscillation signals, and a second switching unit connected between the first switching unit and an input terminal of a second power voltage, lower than the first power voltage, and configured to perform a second switching operation in response to a plurality of baseband signals, the plurality of local oscillation signals include an I+ baseband signal, an I− baseband signal, a Q+ baseband signal, and a Q− baseband signal, and the second switching unit includes a first branch performing a switching operation under control of the I+ baseband signal and the Q+ baseband signal, a second branch performing a switching operation under control of the I− baseband signal and the Q− baseband signal, a third branch performing a switching operation under control of the Q+ baseband signal and the I− baseband signal, and a fourth branch performing a switching operation under control of the Q− baseband signal and the I+ baseband signal.

A distributed mixer is configured of an artificial transmission line of which an input end is connected to an LO terminal and a terminal end is connected to an IF terminal, an artificial transmission line of which an input end is connected to an RF terminal, FETs that perform frequency synthesis of LO signals and RF signals and that are disposed following the artificial transmission lines and of which gates are connected to the artificial transmission line and sources are grounded, a bias circuit that applies gate bias voltage to a terminal end of the artificial transmission line, a terminating resistor that connects the terminal end of the artificial transmission line and a ground, and a plurality of transmission lines provided between the artificial transmission line and a drain of each FET.

A transmitter that reduces 3.sup.rd order harmonic (HD3) and inter modulation distortion (IMD3) for a gm stage of a mixer while reducing flicker noise is disclosed. The transmitter may include a balanced mixer, a transconductance stage connected to the mixer, and a bias circuit. The bias circuit may include a programmable current source configured to provide a reference current. Further, the bias circuit may include a replica circuit configured to replicate a DC signal of the transconductance stage. The bias circuit may also include a bias transistor configured to level shift a bias signal obtained from a signal source based on the reference current and the DC signal of the transconductance stage as determined from the replica circuit.

Techniques are provided for decorrelation of intermodulation products in mixer circuits. A circuit implementing the techniques according to an embodiment includes four switches. Each of the switches comprise a complementary pair of n-channel and p-channel metal oxide semiconductor (NMOS/PMOS) field effect transistors (FETs). The NMOS/PMOS FETs include a source port, a drain port, and a gate port. The gate port is configured to receive an oscillator signal. The circuit also includes electrical conductors to couple the four switches into a double-balanced passive ring configuration to generate an output signal as a mix of an input signal and the oscillator signal. The output signal includes a third order intermodulation (IM3) product. The circuit further includes a voltage bias generator to generate a bias voltage to bias the input signal and the output signal. The magnitude and phase of the IM3 product are determined, at least in part, by the bias voltage.

The present invention is to provide a mixing circuit, comprising: a first transistor; a second transistor; a third transistor; a first connection point connected to a gate terminal of the first transistor, a drain terminal of the second transistor and a source terminal of the third transistor; a second connection point connected to a source terminal of the first transistor and a gate terminal of the second transistor; and a third connection point connected to a drain terminal of the first transistor and a drain terminal of the third transistor.

A dual-band mixer circuit includes a mixer configured to receive an input signal and a local oscillator (LO) signal and to generate an output frequency signal, and a switchable inductance circuit coupled to an output of the mixer, and including a transformer including a primary inductor and a secondary inductor, the primary inductor being electrically coupled to the output of the mixer, a capacitor electrically coupled to the secondary inductor, and a switch electrically coupled to the capacitor and the secondary inductor.

Systems and methods are disclosed for compensating local oscillator leakage in a mixer. An example mixer includes a first double-balanced mixer core and a second double-balanced mixer. The first double-balanced mixer may comprise differential output nodes and may be configured to mix a first input signal with a first local oscillator signal. The second double-balanced mixer core may comprise second differential output nodes and may be configured to mix a second input signal with a second local oscillator signal. The second input signal may be approximately 180° out of phase with the first input signal. The second local oscillator signal may be approximately 180° out of phase with the first local oscillator signal. The differential output nodes may be electrically connected to the second differential output nodes, and the first double-balanced mixer core and the second double-balanced mixer core may be arranged to compensate for local oscillator leakage.

A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device includes forming one or more fins extending in a first direction over a substrate. The one or more fins include a first region along the first direction and second regions on both sides of the first region along the first direction. A dopant is implanted in the first region of the fins but not in the second regions. A gate structure overlies the first region of the fins and source/drains are formed on the second regions of the fins.