The embodiments provide an apparatus for converting an audio signal, in which a left channel line and a right channel line connected to an amplification unit of an audio signal converting apparatus are covered with the ground and connected to a chassis of the audio signal converting apparatus, and a digital signal line and an analog signal line are disposed to be spaced apart from a substrate to improve crosstalk and remove noise.

Disclosed are a sound effect configuration method and system and a related device. The method comprises: detecting a starting operation for a target application of a mobile terminal and determining a period for setting sound effect comprising system time, the target application being for controlling an audio output device; determining a reference parameter of sound effect according to a pre-stored mapping between periods for setting sound effect and parameters of sound effect of the audio output device, the reference parameter of sound effect corresponding to the period for setting sound effect comprising the system time; sending a pre-configuration instruction comprising the reference parameter of sound effect to the audio output device, the pre-configuration instruction being for instructing the audio output device to create an instance of sound effect for an audio stream to be played according to the reference parameter of sound effect.

Resistor mismatch may be digitally compensated based on a known resistor mismatch, power supply information, and/or other operating parameters of the amplifier. The digital compensation may be applied to the digital input signal before conversion for processing and amplification in the analog domain. An amplifier with digital compensation for resistor mismatch may be used in a class-D amplifier with a closed loop and feedforward feedback. A class-D or other amplifier with digital compensation may be integrated with electronic devices such as mobile phones.

A switched-capacitor gain stage circuit and method include an amplifier connected to an input sampling circuit with sampling switched capacitors for coupling an input voltage and a first or second reference voltage to one or more central nodes during a sampling phase and for coupling the one or more central nodes to an amplifier input during a gain phase, wherein a reference loading circuit uses a plurality of sampling switched capacitors connected in a switching configuration to selectively couple a first reference voltage and/or a second reference voltage to the central node by pre-charging the plurality of sampling switched capacitors with the first and second reference voltages during the sampling phase, and by coupling each of the first and second reference voltages to at least one of the plurality of sampling switched capacitors when connected to the central node during the gain phase.

In some embodiments, a method for processing an audio signal in an audio processing apparatus is disclosed. The method includes receiving an audio signal and a parameter, the parameter indicating a location of an auditory event boundary. An audio portion between consecutive auditory event boundaries constitutes an auditory event. The method further includes applying a modification to the audio signal based in part on an occurrence of the auditory event. The parameter may be generated by monitoring a characteristic of the audio signal and identifying a change in the characteristic.

Wideband signal buffers that can be employed for mmWave (millimeter wave) communication are disclosed. One example signal buffer comprises a variable gain amplifier (VGA) that receives two control words and outputs a feedback signal, wherein both an amplitude and a phase of the feedback signal are based on the two control words and on a bias voltage; and a matching network comprising a first inductor that outputs the bias voltage, a second inductor, and a third inductor that receives the feedback signal from the VGA, and wherein the first, second, and third inductors are magnetically coupled to each other, wherein the signal buffer is configured to receive a RF (Radio Frequency) input and to generate a RF output from the RF input based on a transfer function of the signal buffer, wherein the transfer function is based at least in part on the feedback signal.

Described herein are systems and methods that can adjust the performance of a transimpedance amplifier (TIA) in order to compensate for changing environmental and/or manufacturing conditions. In some embodiments, the changing environmental and/or manufacturing conditions may cause a reduction in beta of a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) in the TIA. A low beta may result in a high base current for the BJT causing the output voltage of the TIA to be formatted as an unusable signal output. To compensate for the low beta, the TIA generates an intermediate signal voltage, based on the base current and beta that is compared with the PN junction bias voltage on another BJT. Based on the comparison, the state of a digital state machine may be incremented, and a threshold base current is determined. This threshold base current may decide whether to compensate the operation of the TIA, or discard the chip.

The present disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5.sup.th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4.sup.th-Generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. A method by a first terminal in a wireless communication system is provided. The method includes determining whether to transmit a preamble for an automatic gain control (AGC), determining a slot and at least one symbol in the slot to transmit the preamble for the AGC, in a case in which it is determined to transmit the preamble for the AGC, and transmitting, to a second terminal, the preamble for the AGC in the determined slot and the at least one symbol in the slot.

A circuit includes a first transistor having a first control input and first and current terminals. The circuit also includes a second transistor having a second control input and third and fourth current terminals. The third current terminal couples to the first current terminal at a first node. An output stage has a first input, a second input, and an output stage output. The first input couples to the fourth current terminal, and the second input couples to the second current terminal. A resistor has first and second resistor terminals. The first resistor terminal couples to the output stage output, and the second resistor terminal couples to the second control input. A third transistor has a third control input, a fifth current terminal, and a sixth current terminal. The fifth current terminal couples to the first resistor terminal, and the sixth current terminal couples to the second resistor terminal.

Systems and methods for processing information present in a digital audio stream to obtain a measure of gain of an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) preamplifier are disclosed. In one implementation, a method of processing information present in a digitally sampled stream to obtain a measure of ADC preamplifier gain used to digitize the output of a known transducer comprises transforming time-domain digital samples into the frequency domain through use of a discrete Fourier transform (DFT), and using knowledge of the maximum effective frequency associated with the frequency response of the transducer to process frequency-domain data to obtain a measure of the gain of the ADC preamplifier.