We disclose transconductor-capacitor classical dynamical systems that emulate quantum dynamical systems and quantum-inspired systems by composing them with 1) a real capacitor, whose value exactly emulates the value of the quantum constant termed a Planck capacitor; 2) a quantum admittance element, which has no classical equivalent, but which can be emulated by approximately 18 transistors of a coupled transconductor system; 3) an emulated quantum transadmittance element that can couple emulated quantum admittances to each other; and 4) an emulated quantum transadmittance mixer element that can couple quantum admittances to each other under the control of an input. We describe how these parts may be composed together to emulate arbitrary two-state and discrete-state quantum or quantum-inspired systems including stochastics, state preparation, probability computations, state amplification, state attenuation, control, dynamics, and loss compensation.

A variable bandwidth filter is described herein, wherein a bandwidth of a passband of the variable bandwidth filter is dynamically tunable. The variable bandwidth tuner is implemented on a CMOS chip, and acts to filter analog signals. The variable bandwidth filter comprises a plurality of finite impulse response (FIR) filters, wherein each FIR filter comprises a plurality of tunable transconductors. The tunable transconductors are tunable in their gain.

According to embodiments of the present invention, an oscillator is provided. The oscillator includes a switched capacitor circuit arrangement configured to generate a predetermined voltage, a transconductance-capacitor filter configured to receive the predetermined voltage and a reference voltage, and to generate an output filter voltage based on a differential result between the predetermined voltage and the reference voltage, wherein a value of the output filter voltage is variable in response to the differential result, and a period control circuit arrangement configured to receive the output filter voltage, and further configured to generate an oscillator signal, wherein a period of the oscillator signal is variable in response to the value of the output filter voltage, wherein the oscillator is configured to control the switched capacitor circuit arrangement based on the oscillator signal to generate the predetermined voltage to be matched to the reference voltage.

We disclose transconductor-capacitor classical dynamical systems that emulate quantum dynamical systems and quantum-inspired systems by composing them with 1) capacitors that represent termed Planck capacitors; 2) a quantum admittance element, which can be emulated efficiently via coupled transconductors; 3) an emulated quantum transadmittance element that can couple emulated quantum admittances to each other; and 4) an emulated quantum transadmittance mixer element that can couple emulated quantum admittances to each other under the control of an input. We describe a Quantum Cochlea, a biologically-inspired quantum traveling-wave system with coupled emulated quantum two-state systems for efficient spectrum analysis that uses all of these parts. We show how emulated quantum transdmittance mixers can help represent an exponential number of quantum superposition states in the spectral domain with linear classical resources, even if they are not all simultaneously accessible as in actual quantum systems, and how the quantum cochlea is a very efficient spectrum analyzer for non-destructive readout of these spectral-domain signals.

A filter stage system, includes a continuous time baseband filter comprising a feedback loop that employs at least one first impedance node and at least one second impedance node, wherein the at least one first impedance node has a higher impedance than the at least one second impedance node, and wherein the at least one first impedance node provides a dominant pole and the at least one second impedance node provides a non-dominant pole, and wherein the continuous time baseband filter generates a filtered current, and a mirroring component mirrors the filtered current to an output.

An interface port (10) for a bidirectional interface is presented. The interface port (10) comprises an input terminal (12) operatively connected to an input of a first active inductor (100), an output terminal (13) operatively connected to an output of a second active inductor (200), and a bidirectional terminal (11) operatively connected to an output of the first active inductor (100) and to an input of the second active inductor (200). Each of the first and second active inductor (100, 200) respectively comprises a forward transconductance stage and a feedback transconductance stage. An associated electric circuitry, electronic apparatus, electric system and a method of control are also disclosed.

We disclose transconductor-capacitor classical dynamical systems that emulate quantum dynamical systems and quantum-inspired systems by composing them with 1) capacitors that represent termed Planck capacitors; 2) a quantum admittance element, which can be emulated efficiently via coupled transconductors; 3) an emulated quantum transadmittance element that can couple emulated quantum admittances to each other; and 4) an emulated quantum transadmittance mixer element that can couple emulated quantum admittances to each other under the control of an input. We describe a Quantum Cochlea, a biologically-inspired quantum traveling-wave system with coupled emulated quantum two-state systems for efficient spectrum analysis that uses all of these parts. We show how emulated quantum transdmittance mixers can help represent an exponential number of quantum superposition states in the spectral domain with linear classical resources, even if they are not all simultaneously accessible as in actual quantum systems, and how the quantum cochlea is a very efficient spectrum analyzer for non-destructive readout of these spectral-domain signals.

We disclose transconductor-capacitor classical dynamical systems that emulate quantum dynamical systems and quantum-inspired systems by composing them with 1) capacitors that represent termed Planck capacitors; 2) a quantum admittance element, which can be emulated efficiently via coupled transconductors; 3) an emulated quantum transadmittance element that can couple emulated quantum admittances to each other; and 4) an emulated quantum transadmittance mixer element that can couple emulated quantum admittances to each other under the control of an input. We describe a Quantum Cochlea, a biologically-inspired quantum traveling-wave system with coupled emulated quantum two-state systems for efficient spectrum analysis that uses all of these parts. We show how emulated quantum transdmittance mixers can help represent an exponential number of quantum superposition states in the spectral domain with linear classical resources, even if they are not all simultaneously accessible as in actual quantum systems.

A high order filter circuit is integrated by a plurality of the low order filter circuits. Before correcting the high order filter circuit, switch units may restore the high order filter circuit to the low order filter circuits for correction, and then combine the corrected low order filter circuits to form the original high order filter circuit.

Described herein is a power-efficient Gm-C filter, wherein the Gm-C filter includes several operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs). In an example, at least two of the OTAs share a common bias current. Further, output of one of the OTAs is used to bias another one of the OTAs. Also described herein is a power-efficient clock generator circuit that is configured to output non-overlapping clock signals. The clock generator circuit includes a ring oscillator circuit, which includes several inverter stages. The clock generator circuit is well-suited for controlling operation of switches.