A magnetic induction device is provided for triggering an electric spark discharge in response to a variable voltage. The device includes an inductor; a resistor series having first and second resistors; and a discharge device. These are arranged in a receiver circuit in which the inductor, the resistor series and the spark gap are disposed in parallel. The inductor connects between the first and second resistors to a gate electrode of the discharge device. Magnetic flux induces a current into the electrode responsive to the receiver circuit temporarily overlapping the inductor, thereby inducing the spark.

A magnetic induction device is provided for triggering an electric spark discharge in response to a variable voltage. The device includes an inductor; a resistor series having first and second resistors; and a discharge device. These are arranged in a receiver circuit in which the inductor, the resistor series and the spark gap are disposed in parallel. The inductor connects between the first and second resistors to a gate electrode of the discharge device. Magnetic flux induces a current into the electrode responsive to the receiver circuit temporarily overlapping the inductor, thereby inducing the spark.

A high-voltage pulse generator including a plurality of stages and an electrode for returning current to ground, connected in series, each of the stages including at least one energy storage element connected in series with a spark gap. The spark gaps are distributed on an axis, the odd-numbered energy storage elements are arranged on one side of the spark gap axis, and the even-numbered energy storage elements are arranged on the other side of the spark gap axis, such that the circuit formed by the plurality of stages and the current return electrode have a reduced inductance during a discharge phase of the generator, with respect to a generator including the same components laid out according to a conventional architecture.

A high-voltage pulse generator including a plurality of stages and an electrode for returning current to ground, connected in series, each of the stages including at least one energy storage element connected in series with a spark gap. The spark gaps are distributed on an axis, the odd-numbered energy storage elements are arranged on one side of the spark gap axis, and the even-numbered energy storage elements are arranged on the other side of the spark gap axis, such that the circuit formed by the plurality of stages and the current return electrode have a reduced inductance during a discharge phase of the generator, with respect to a generator including the same components laid out according to a conventional architecture.

A magnetic coupling (MC) circuit is provided for detecting an obscured object. The MC circuit connects to a current measuring instrument and includes a Marx bank having a plurality of stages; a peaking circuit; and an induction loop. Each stage of the Marx bank includes a resistor-capacitor (RC) loop having a first resistor connecting to a breakdown circuit. The Marx bank connects to a fixed potential known as ground. The breakdown circuit includes a breakdown switch, a second resistor and a bank capacitor. The voltage source connects to the Marx bank. The peaking circuit includes a peaking inductor, a peaking capacitor and a peaking switch disposed in parallel. The peaking switch connects the Marx bank to the peaking capacitor. The induction loop includes an impedance inductor connecting to the peaking switch. The instrument measures a first current in absence of the object and a second current in presence of the object, and detects the object based on difference between the first and second currents.

A magnetic coupling (MC) circuit is provided for detecting an obscured object. The MC circuit connects to a current measuring instrument and includes a Marx bank having a plurality of stages; a peaking circuit; and an induction loop. Each stage of the Marx bank includes a resistor-capacitor (RC) loop having a first resistor connecting to a breakdown circuit. The Marx bank connects to a fixed potential known as ground. The breakdown circuit includes a breakdown switch, a second resistor and a bank capacitor. The voltage source connects to the Marx bank. The peaking circuit includes a peaking inductor, a peaking capacitor and a peaking switch disposed in parallel. The peaking switch connects the Marx bank to the peaking capacitor. The induction loop includes an impedance inductor connecting to the peaking switch. The instrument measures a first current in absence of the object and a second current in presence of the object, and detects the object based on difference between the first and second currents.

The present invention relates to a high voltage pulse generator which can operate for a long time and has high pulse frequency. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the air stored in the air container is transmitted to the air duct by means of a hose over the regulator that adjusts the pressure and flow rate of the air. The air given into the air duct blows into the chamber through the nozzles. Then, this air is taken into this air duct by means of the nozzles placed on the other air duct and is transferred to the outer environment over an exhaust valve placed under the air duct. The air coming from the air container takes the place of the removed air.

The present invention relates to a high voltage pulse generator which can operate for a long time and has high pulse frequency. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the air stored in the air container is transmitted to the air duct by means of a hose over the regulator that adjusts the pressure and flow rate of the air. The air given into the air duct blows into the chamber through the nozzles. Then, this air is taken into this air duct by means of the nozzles placed on the other air duct and is transferred to the outer environment over an exhaust valve placed under the air duct. The air coming from the air container takes the place of the removed air.

An arrangement of coaxial windings is provided. The arrangement includes primary and secondary windings as air-core pulse transformers having insulation and winding arrangement for efficient energy transfer to the secondary winding. The secondary winding is wound with a central metallic core to include a coaxial transmission line with it and is configured to deliver a rectangular pulse across its terminals. The arrangement also includes a coaxial feeding arrangement for the primary winding with a central coaxial terminal connecting to one end of an adjustable primary closing switch electrode so as to have variable voltage feed input corresponding to its load requirement.

Disclosed are methods and systems for subnanosecond rise time high voltage (HV) electric pulse delivery to biological loads. The system includes an imaging device and monitoring apparatus used for bio-photonic studies of pulse induced intracellular effects. The system further features a custom fabricated microscope slide having micro-machined electrodes. A printed circuit board to interface the pulse generator to the micro-machined glass slide having the cell solution is disclosed. An low-parasitic electronic setup to interface with avalanche transistor-switched pulse generation system is also disclosed. The pc-board and the slide are configured to match the output impedance of the pulse generator which minimizes reflection back into the pulse generator, and minimizes distortion of the pulse shape and pulse parameters. The pc-board further includes a high bandwidth voltage divider for real-time monitoring of pulses delivered to the cell solutions.