A driving mechanism for moving an optical element is provided, including a first fixed part, a second fixed part, a movable part, and a driving unit. The movable part is movably connected to the first and second fixed parts for holding the optical element, wherein the optical element has an optical axis. The driving unit drives the movable part to move along the optical axis relative to the first and second fixed parts.

An optical system is provided, including a movable part, a fixed part, a first sensor, a second sensor, and a control unit, wherein an optical element is disposed on the movable part. The first and second sensors detect the movement of the movable part relative to the fixed part in a first dimension and a second dimension, and thus they respectively generate a first sensing value and a second sensing value. The control unit generates an error value according to the first sensing value and an error curve, and then calibrates the second sensing value according to the error value.

A physical disturbance sensor includes a plurality of piezoresistive elements configured in a resistive bridge configuration. A signal transmitter is electrically connected to the physical disturbance sensor and configured to send an encoded signal to the piezoresistive elements of the resistive bridge configuration. A signal receiver is electrically connected to the piezoresistive elements and configured to receive a signal from the physical disturbance sensor. The received signal from the physical disturbance sensor is correlated with the sent encoded signal in determining a measure of physical disturbance.

An electronic device includes a sensor and a control circuit. The control circuit is configured to output a drive signal (S.sub.d) to a first port of the sensor in a first time interval and output a high-impedance state or a floating state in a second time interval. The S.sub.d is used to drive the sensor to vibrate along with an outer housing. The sensor is configured to detect the vibration of the outer housing and output a vibration sensing signal (S.sub.z) by using the first port. The S.sub.z is a vibration coda wave response signal output by the sensor after the sensor receives the S.sub.d.

In an embodiment a device includes a piezoelectric transducer element and a support connected mechanically to each other thereby forming an assembly, wherein the piezoelectric transducer element and the support are configured to be jointly deformed under an action of a first force, wherein the support includes a neutral fiber arranged inside the support, the neutral fiber configured to not undergo any change in length during a bending of the assembly, and wherein the piezoelectric transducer element includes a ferroelectric polymer layer or a layer having a composite material including a ceramic material and a piezoelectric polymer matrix.

A touch button component with a vibration sensor component to implement a touch button attached to an inner surface of a housing, where a drive system drives the housing to vibrate, and vibration of the housing is suppressed when the housing is subjected to a touch force. When it is identified that a case in which the vibration of the housing is suppressed meets a force habit of a user, a trigger signal is output.

An input device includes a base, an operation panel member, positioned in a first direction when viewed from the base, including an input operation surface, and configured to detect coordinates of an operating position on the input operation surface, an actuator, fixed to the base, and configured to vibrate the operation panel member, N elastic support members, arranged at vertex positions of a polygon shape having N corners and surrounding the actuator when viewed in the first direction, and configured to elastically support the operation panel member on the base, where N is an integer greater than or equal to three, and an elastic cushioning member provided between the actuator and the operation panel member. A spring constant of a combined spring in which the actuator and the elastic cushioning member are coupled in series is aligned to spring constants of the N elastic support members.

Disclosed is a piezoelectric sensing apparatus, comprising: a plurality of piezoelectric regions, each piezoelectric region including an anode surface and a cathode surface, wherein the plurality of piezoelectric regions are successively connected from the first piezoelectric region to the last piezoelectric region such that between adjacent piezoelectric regions, surfaces of a same polarity are connected, i.e., one anode surface is connected to another anode surface, while one cathode surface is connected to another cathode surface. The piezoelectric sensing apparatus as provided may effectively boost a high-frequency signal while weaken a low-frequency signal, such that an output waveform signal facilitates improving the positioning accuracy.

A touch sensor assembly may include a touch substrate that is attached to a rear of a front panel on which touch points are displayed, a piezo disc in which a first pole and a second pole are stacked, wherein the first pole faces the touch substrate to contact a rear of the touch substrate; a holder that is configured to support a lateral surface and a rear of the piezo disc to fix the piezo disc to the rear of the touch substrate, and a cover that has a front surface which adheres to the rear of the touch substrate and that includes a concave chamber which is overlapped with the holder. A refrigerator door may include the touch sensor assembly.

Piezoelectric elements are attractive for systems in which both sensing and actuating is required because a single element, i.e. the piezoelectric actuator, can be used that act as both a sensor and an actuator. In conventional systems combining both actuating and sensing functionality, active circuitry is required to read the sensor, and that circuitry requires static and/or dynamic current from a few microamps to a few milliamps. In systems where buttons are used a few times a day, this requirement for current leads to a significant amount of wasted power. Accordingly, a wake-up circuit is provided that does not draw power when no force is applied to the piezoelectric actuator but is capable of detecting pressure applied to the piezo actuator, generate a power-up signal to the actuating circuit, and initiate a haptic feedback with low-latency.