A driving circuit for driving a capacitive load includes: an original drive signal generator that generates a plurality of original drive signals which includes a first original drive signal and a second original drive signal; a selection section that is capable of selecting one original drive signal from the plurality of original drive signals which includes the first original drive signal and the second original drive signal; a driver that generates a drive signal of voltages in accordance with the one original drive signal.

The invention relates to a level converter for adjusting a first reference potential and/or a first communication voltage of a first component to a second reference potential and/or a second communication voltage of a second component, wherein the level converter is arranged between the first component and the second component, wherein the level converter has a first transistor with a downstream first resistor, wherein the level converter is configured in such a way that the second reference potential drops at the first resistor in a blocked state of the first transistor and that the second communication voltage drops at the first resistor in an open state of the first transistor.

An electrical circuit and a method of operating the electrical circuit can include a group of transistors including one or more of a first transistor and a second transistor, wherein the first transistor is electronically connected to an input and an output of the electrical circuit, and the second transistor is electronically connected to the first transistor and the output. The electrical circuit can also include a group of resistors including a first base resistor and a second base resistor, wherein the first base resistor is electronically connected to a voltage supply, the first transistor, the second base resistor and one or more diodes. The electrical circuit may also include one or more capacitors electronically connected to the input, the first transistor, the second transistor, and the diode(s) and the output, such that an output voltage at the output is approximately double the supply voltage of the electrical circuit.

An on-board device installed in a vehicle and is provided with an input circuit including an input end into which an input voltage is entered, and a drive power supply circuit that outputs a drive voltage to the input circuit. The input circuit includes a PNP bipolar transistor, a pull-up circuit, a second pull-up resistance, and a base resistance. The pull-up circuit includes a pull-up power supply, a first pull-up resistance, and a second diode with an anode facing the first pull-up resistance, which are connected in series and are provided between a base of the PNP bipolar transistor and the input end. The second pull-up resistance is provided between the base of the PNP bipolar transistor and the drive power supply circuit. The base resistance is provided between the base of the PNP bipolar transistor and the second pull-up resistance.