In one implementation, the disclosure provides a system including a detector configured to generate an output of a first log-likelihood ratio for each bit in an input data stream. The system also includes at least one look-up table providing a mapping of the first log-likelihood ratio to a second log-likelihood ratio. The mapping between the first log-likelihood ratio and the second log-likelihood ratio is non-linear. The system also includes a decoder configured to generate an output data stream using the second log-likelihood ratio to generate a value for each bit in the input data stream.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, an encoding device may determine a least reliable subset of information bits included in a set of information bits that includes a predefined active set of information bits to be encoded; may determine a codeword bit to be added to a codeword based at least in part on the least reliable subset of information bits, wherein adding the codeword bit to the codeword improves reliability of the least reliable subset of information bits; may add the codeword bit to the codeword; and may transmit the codeword. Numerous other aspects are provided.

Systems, memory controllers, decoders and methods perform decoding by exploiting differences among word lines for which soft decoding fails (failed word lines). Such decoding generates extrinsic information for codewords of failed word lines based on the soft decoding. The soft information obtained during the soft decoding is updated based on the extrinsic information, and the updated soft information is propagated across failed word lines. Low-density parity-check (LDDC) decoding of codewords of failed word lines is performed with the updated soft information.

There are provided an error correction decoder and a memory system having the same. The error correction decoder includes a node processor for performing at least one iteration of an error correction decoding based on at least one parameter used for an iterative decoding, a reliability information generator for generating reliability information corresponding to a current iteration upon a determination that the error correction decoding corresponding to the current iteration has been unsuccessful, and a parameter adjuster for adjusting the at least one parameter upon a determination that the reliability information satisfies a predetermined condition, and controlling the node processor to perform a next iteration based on the adjusted.

A method of generating soft decision detection parameters for a plurality of received signals. The method comprises defining a hard decision boundary and a plurality of quantisation intervals wherein each quantisation interval extends from the hard decision boundary by an interval distance, selecting a log likelihood value from a set of log likelihood values for each received signal based on the quantisation interval in which the received signal is detected, performing a soft decoding using a plurality of log likelihood values, adjusting the set of log likelihood values based on a result of the soft decoding, determining an error probability for a quantisation interval, comparing the error probability against a target error probability and adjusting the interval distance in order to obtain the target error probability.

Channel state information (CSI) scaling modules for use in a demodulator configured to demodulate a signal received over a transmission channel, the demodulator comprising a soft decision error corrector (e.g. LDPC decoder) configured to decode data carried on data symbols of the received signal based on CSI values. The CSI scaling module is configured to monitor the performance of the soft decision error corrector and in response to determining the performance of the soft decision error corrector is below a predetermined level, dynamically select a new CSI scaling factor based on the performance of the soft decision error corrector.

A transmitter for transmitting an encoded codeword over a communication channel includes a source to accept source data, an irregular polar encoder operated by a processor to encode the source data with at least one polar code to produce the encoded codeword, a modulator to modulate the encoded codeword, and a front end to transmit the modulated and encoded codeword over the communication channel. The polar code is specified by a set of regular parameters including one or combination of parameters defining a number of data bits in the codeword, a parameter defining a data index set specifying locations of frozen bits in the encoded codeword, and a parameter defining a number of parity bits in the encoded codeword. The polar code is further specified by a set of irregular parameters including one or combination of parameters defining an irregularity of values of at least one regular parameter of the polar code, a parameter defining an irregularity of permutation of the encoded bits, a parameter defining an irregularity of polarization kernels in the polar code, and a parameter defining an irregularity in selection of de-activated exclusive-or operations on different stages of the polar encoding, and wherein the irregular polar encoder encodes the codeword using the regular and the irregular parameters of the polar code.

A three-dimensional data encoding method includes: generating an N-ary tree structure of three-dimensional points included in three-dimensional data, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2; generating first encoded data by encoding a first branch using a first encoding process, the first branch having, as a root, a first node included in a first layer that is one of layers included in the N-ary tree structure; generating second encoded data by encoding a second branch using a second encoding process different from the first encoding process, the second branch having, as a root, a second node included in the first layer and different from the first node; and generating a bitstream including the first encoded data and the second encoded data.

There are provided an error correction decoder and a memory system having the same. The error correction decoder includes a node processor for performing at least one iteration of an error correction decoding based on at least one parameter used for an iterative decoding, a reliability information generator for generating reliability information corresponding to a current iteration upon a determination that the error correction decoding corresponding to the current iteration has been unsuccessful, and a parameter adjuster for adjusting the at least one parameter upon a determination that the reliability information satisfies a predetermined condition, and controlling the node processor to perform a next iteration based on the adjusted.

In one implementation, the disclosure provides a system including a detector configured to generate an output of a first log-likelihood ratio for each bit in an input data stream. The system also includes at least one look-up table providing a mapping of the first log-likelihood ratio to a second log-likelihood ratio. The mapping between the first log-likelihood ratio and the second log-likelihood ratio is non-linear. The system also includes a decoder configured to generate an output data stream using the second log-likelihood ratio to generate a value for each bit in the input data stream.