An NMR measurement apparatus includes a transmitting antenna including a transmitter coil, a capacitor, a dissipating component and a restricting component, and a receiving antenna physically separated from the transmitting antenna. A processor is configured to apply a drive signal at a first voltage level to generate a transmission signal having a selected transmission frequency, where the receiving antenna is deactivated during generation, connect the dissipating component to the transmitter coil to dissipate stored energy in the transmitter coil, connect the restricting component to the transmitter coil to restrict the transmitting antenna to a second voltage level smaller than the first voltage level and based on a voltage of NMR signals from the sensitive volume, activate the receiving antenna and detect a NMR signal, where the restricting component is connected to the transmitter coil and restricts the transmitting antenna during the activating and the detecting.

A transmitter component includes an input terminal and a first semiconductor portion with doped regions of a control-side interface circuit. The control-side interface circuit converts a digital input signal received at the input terminal into a transmit radio frequency signal. A control-side metallization structure on at least one of two horizontal main surfaces of the first semiconductor portion includes at least a portion of a control-side antenna structure that emits the transmit radio frequency signal as radio wave. A transceiver circuit may include the transmitter component and a receiver component.

In various aspects, a radio frequency circuit is provided. The radio frequency circuit may include a substrate that may include a radio frequency front-end to antenna (RF FE-to-Ant) connector. The RF FE-to-Ant connector may include a conductor track structure and a substrate connection structure coupled to the conductor track structure. The substrate may include radio frequency front-end circuitry monolithically integrated in the substrate. The substrate connection structure may include at least one of a solderable structure, a weldable structure, or an adherable structure. The substrate connection structure may be configured to form at least one radio frequency signal interface with an antenna circuit connection structure of a substrate-external antenna circuit. The substrate may include an edge region. The substrate connection structure may be disposed in the edge region.

The disclosure relates to a communications system having a transmitter and receiver connected via a transmission line. An example communications receiver (202) comprises: a pair of input connections (211, 212) for connecting to a transmission line (203); a termination resistance (213) equal to a characteristic impedance (Zc) of the transmission line (203); an air core transformer (205) having an input coil (206) connected to the pair of input connections (211, 212) via the termination resistance (213); and a comparator circuit (208) connected to an output coil (207) of the air core transformer (205), the comparator circuit (208) configured to provide an output signal (504) responsive to detection of voltage pulses across the output coil (207).

A method for detecting a beacon signal using an above-ground tracker. The tracker comprises an antenna assembly comprising a plurality of antennas. Each antenna is oriented in a different direction. During operation, if the beacon signal is interrupted due to a local noise source, transmission of the beacon signal is stopped. The tracker then detects radiation from the local noise source and the processor determines a direction from which peak ambient noise arrives at the tracker. The beacon signal is then resumed. A processor included in the tracker excludes any signals generated by the antenna assembly that are representative of radiation that arrived at the tracker from the same direction the peak ambient noise arrived at the tracker. The tracker then detects the beacon signal using the non-excluded signals.

The disclosure relates to a communications system having a transmitter and receiver connected via a transmission line. An example communications receiver (202) comprises: a pair of input connections (211, 212) for connecting to a transmission line (203); a termination resistance (213) equal to a characteristic impedance (Zc) of the transmission line (203); an air core transformer (205) having an input coil (206) connected to the pair of input connections (211, 212) via the termination resistance (213); and a comparator circuit (208) connected to an output coil (207) of the air core transformer (205), the comparator circuit (208) configured to provide an output signal (504) responsive to detection of voltage pulses across the output coil (207).

A main antenna arrangement is configured to receive with a pre-configured first directional radiation pattern having a first beam with a first beamwidth and to provide first received signals at a first output, and at least one auxiliary antenna is configured to receive with a pre-configured respective second directional radiation pattern having a second beam with a second beamwidth, different from the first beamwidth and to provide second received signals at a second output. Interference cancelling circuitry is configured to control the amplitude and phase of the second received signals received from the at least one auxiliary antenna to produce weighted second received signals and combine the weighted second received signals with the first signals received from the main antenna arrangement to reduce a level of interference signals received by the main antenna arrangement in relation to a level of wanted signals received in the main antenna arrangement.

Architectures and techniques are presented that can provide point-to-point analysis to generate an improved signal strength prediction (SSP) based on, e.g., earth surface image data processing and analysis to draw conclusions of line of sight (LOS) along the propagation path between a BTS or another AP transmitter and CPE receiver. For example, USGS image data and/or elevation data of locations are identified to correspond to signal propagation between the transmitter and receiver can be analyzed for LOS signal quality at a fixed location, in addition to the statistical model prediction of the RF signal quality. As a result, foliage or terrain that obstructs the LOS can be identified and utilized to improve SSP by eliminating the additional pathloss due to LOS obstructions. Such can provide a significant improvement to SSP results that are conventionally predicted by statistical models rather than a point-to-point analysis.

A transmitter component includes an input terminal and a first semiconductor portion with doped regions of a control-side interface circuit. The control-side interface circuit converts a digital input signal received at the input terminal into a transmit radio frequency signal. A control-side metallization structure on at least one of two horizontal main surfaces of the first semiconductor portion includes at least a portion of a control-side antenna structure that emits the transmit radio frequency signal as radio wave. A transceiver circuit may include the transmitter component and a receiver component.

An interference sensor device is disclosed. The interference sensor device includes a first conductive plate and a second conductive plate aligned parallel to the first conductive plate. A non-conductive matter is included between the first conductive plate and the second conductive plate. A band pass filter is coupled with the first conductive plate and the second conductive plate. The band pass filter includes a sensor coil. A current transformer having a primary side and a secondary side is included. The primary side is coupled with the band pass filter, and the secondary side is configured to be coupled with a cable. The current transformer having a high capacitive isolation.