Interference with another terminal caused by joint transmission of a plurality of wireless base stations is appropriately estimated. A wireless base station includes a wireless control section and a communication section. The wireless control section, when performing joint transmission with a joint wireless base station, generates a reference signal for estimating interference given to a wireless terminal connected to another wireless base station, and determines a setting regarding joint transmission in accordance with a result of estimation of interference based on the reference signal. The communication section transmits a reference signal to another wireless base station or a wireless terminal, and announces, to a joint wireless base station, a setting regarding joint transmission.

Interference with another terminal caused by joint transmission of a plurality of wireless base stations is appropriately estimated. A wireless base station includes a wireless control section and a communication section. The wireless control section, when performing joint transmission with a joint wireless base station, generates a reference signal for estimating interference given to a wireless terminal connected to another wireless base station, and determines a setting regarding joint transmission in accordance with a result of estimation of interference based on the reference signal. The communication section transmits a reference signal to another wireless base station or a wireless terminal, and announces, to a joint wireless base station, a setting regarding joint transmission.

A Method of scrambling reference signals, device and user equipment using the method are provided. In the method, a plurality of layers of reference signals assigned on predetermined radio resource of a plurality of layers of resource blocks with the same time and frequency resources are scrambled, the method comprising: an orthogonalizing step of multiplying each layer of reference signal selectively by one of a plurality of orthogonal cover codes (OCCs) with the same length wherein the OCC multiplied to a first layer of reference signal can be configured as different from those multiplied to other layers of reference signals; and a scrambling step of multiplying all of symbols obtained from the OCC multiplied to each of the other layers of reference signals by a symbol-common scrambling sequence wherein the symbol-common scrambling sequences can be different from each other for reference signals multiplied by the same OCC.

A wireless device may receive downlink control information (DCI) that includes a cell index, wherein the cell index indicates one or more cells and a channel state information (CSI) request. The wireless device may also determine a cell to transmit a CSI based on the CSI request and the cell index of the DCI. The wireless device may also transmit a CSI via the cell.

Described embodiments provide devices and methods for directing portions of signals to reduce power consumption. A wearable device may comprise N antennas configured to wirelessly receive and/or transmit incoming and/or outgoing signals. The N antennas may be spatially disposed on the device to enable at least one of the N antennas to be clear from blockage by a body part of a user when the device is maintained or worn against the body part, wherein N is an integer value greater than or equal to 2. The wearable device may comprise N receive chains coupled to the N antennas via transmit-receive couplers, the N receive chains configured to process the incoming signals. The wearable device may comprise a transmit chain configured to generate the outgoing signals. The wearable device may comprise a RF controller circuitry configured to direct portions of the generated outgoing signals via the transmit-receive couplers to the N antennas.

In a particular implementation, a method of wireless communication includes detecting, at a user equipment (UE) associated with a first base station, one or more interfering beams generated by a second base station. The second base station is a neighboring base station of the first base station. The method also includes transmitting, from the UE to the first base station, an interference identification message indicating the one or more interfering beams. The method further includes receiving, from the first base station, a scheduling message indicating a set of beams of the second base station that are scheduled for use in upcoming transmissions.

Methods and systems are described for providing end-to-end beamforming. For example, end-to-end beamforming systems include end-to-end relays and ground networks to provide communications to user terminals located in user beam coverage areas. The ground segment can include geographically distributed access nodes and a central processing system. Return uplink signals, transmitted from the user terminals, have multipath induced by a plurality of receive/transmit signal paths in the end to end relay and are relayed to the ground network. The ground network, using beamformers, recovers user data streams transmitted by the user terminals from return downlink signals. The ground network, using beamformers generates forward uplink signals from appropriately weighted combinations of user data streams that, after relay by the end-end-end relay, produce forward downlink signals that combine to form user beams.

Methods and systems are described for providing end-to-end beamforming. For example, end-to-end beamforming systems include end-to-end relays and ground networks to provide communications to user terminals located in user beam coverage areas. The ground segment can include geographically distributed access nodes and a central processing system. Return uplink signals, transmitted from the user terminals, have multipath induced by a plurality of receive/transmit signal paths in the end to end relay and are relayed to the ground network. The ground network, using beamformers, recovers user data streams transmitted by the user terminals from return downlink signals. The ground network, using beamformers generates forward uplink signals from appropriately weighted combinations of user data streams that, after relay by the end-end-end relay, produce forward downlink signals that combine to form user beams.

Provided are a method and device for performing joint transmission in wireless LAN system. Particularly, an M-AP transmits a first control frame for informing of joint transmission to first and second S-APs. The M-AP transmits a data frame to the first and second S-APs. The M-AP transmits a second control frame, comprising scheduling information necessary for joint transmission, to the first and second S-APs. The M-AP performs joint transmission to an STA by means of the first and second SAPs. The data frame is transmitted to the STA from the first and second S-APs by means of joint transmission.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications that support coordinated beamforming in millimeter wave (mmW) systems. A user equipment (UE) may indicate a number of supported antennas for signal reception. A plurality of transmission-reception points (TRxPs) may coordinate a beam training with the supported antennas, in determining a beam estimation for coordinated reception at the UE. The coordinated beam training may be carried over combined beams of the associated TRxPs, and may be based on co-phasing factors within a single antenna panel for each of the TRxPs. Based on the coordinated beam training, the UE may determine a matched filtering beam estimate for reception and receive coordinated beamformed transmissions from the plurality of TRxPs as part of coordinated multipoint (CoMP) transmissions.