Embodiments of this application disclose an indoor positioning method, a communication system, and a related device. The method in embodiments of this application includes an indoor terminal device receives first location information of a network device and second location information of a reconfigurable intelligent surface, to obtain a first reference signal, where the first reference signal is obtained by the reconfigurable intelligent surface by reflecting a location reference signal from the network device. The indoor terminal device determines a target location of the terminal device based on the first reference signal, the first location information, and the second location information.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a device may receive a first signal in a first set of frequency domain resources. The device may harvest energy using the first signal. The device may receive a second signal in a second set of frequency domain resources. The device may backscatter modulated data using the second signal. Numerous other aspects are described.

A network device, such as a base station or a RIS, obtains an indication of a characteristic distance associated with a configurable array of reflective elements. The network device provides a communication for a wireless device using a beam focusing configuration of the configurable array of reflective elements with a first focusing distance based on the characteristic distance.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. Techniques described herein provide for a network entity to determine a beam focusing distance for a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) for a user equipment (UE) located in the near field region of the RIS. The beam focusing distance may be determined using reference signals for different test beam focusing distances within the near field region of the RIS. The test beams may have a same angular direction from the RIS to the UE. The test beams may have a beam focusing distance selected from a set of beam focusing distances within the near field region of the RIS.

The apparatus may be a wireless device, or a component of a wireless device, configured to receive a plurality of reference signal transmissions associated with a corresponding plurality of configurations of a configurable array of reflective elements and to provide, based on the plurality of reference signal transmissions, information indicating an estimated distance from the wireless device to the configurable array of reflective elements. The apparatus may be a RIS, a RIS controller, a base station, or a component of any of the RIS, the RIS controller, or the base station, configured to provide a plurality of reference signal transmissions associated with a corresponding plurality of configurations of a configurable array of reflective elements, and obtain, based on the plurality of reference signal transmissions, information indicating an estimated distance from a wireless device to the configurable array of reflective elements.

A method of using a non-reciprocal spatially-fed antenna for wireless communication includes: receiving, by the non-reciprocal spatially-fed antenna, a first wireless signal from a base station in a first beam direction; transmitting, by the non-reciprocal spatially-fed antenna, the first wireless signal in a second beam direction; receiving, by the non-reciprocal spatially-fed antenna, a second wireless signal in a third beam direction; and transmitting, by the non-reciprocal spatially-fed antenna, the second wireless signal in a fourth beam direction toward the base station. A non-reciprocal surface and an antenna array are also described.

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for encryption key extraction using a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS). A method that may be performed by a first wireless node includes receiving one or more first reference signals (RSS) as reflections off a RIS from a second wireless node. The method also includes generating a key based at least in part on a quantization of the one or more first RSs and communicating, based on the key, with the second wireless node.

In Wi-Fi 8, backscatter devices (BKDs) may be viewed as part of the 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN). BKDs in a WLAN have limited transmission interactions with a Wi-Fi access point (AP). Onboarding BKDs to the WLAN is described, which allows for the AP and BKD to participate as elements of the same local network, with security controls. The onboarding of the BKD to a WLAN may occur after discovery of the BKD at an AP and includes replacing an Initial Device Identifier (IDevID) on the BKD with a Local Device Identifier (LDevID) in order to provide for secure communications between the BKD and the WLAN.

As reconfigurable Intelligent Surface devices (RISs) and ambient power devices become more common, it is advantageous to connect and leverage the capabilities of these devices into various wireless networks, including Wi-Fi networks. Configuring an RIS in a wireless network to provide and improve communications between an access point (AP) and an ambient power device is described. Configuring the RIS may include using a series of sounding frames between the AP and the ambient power device to update and control an RIS to improve transmission between the AP and the ambient power device.

It discloses a communication and radar target detection method based on an intelligent omni-surface, comprising step 1: constructing an optimization problem by maximizing a minimum beampattern gain as an objective function, the communication system being an integrated sensing and communication system based on an intelligent omni-surface; step 2: setting a constraint condition for the optimization problem constructed in the step 1, the constraint condition comprising a minimum rate constraint of a user, a maximum transmit power constraint of a base station, and amplitude and phase shaft constraints of the intelligent omni-surface; and step 3: solving the optimization problem after setting with the constraint condition to obtain an optimization solution for maximizing the minimum beampattern gain. According to the method, a capability of detecting the radar target is further improved under the condition that a quality of service of a communication user is guaranteed.