A wireless communications network providing for wireless communication between a first entity and a second entity, the wireless communications is adapted to include a reconfigurable intelligent surface, RIS. The network comprises a controller unit preconfigured, configured or configurable for organising a contribution of the RIS to the wireless communication network.

A wireless relay device includes: a transmitting unit configured to transmit, to a base station, a first signal for allowing the base station to identify the wireless relay device; a receiving unit configured to receive, from the base station, a second signal about a permission to operate as a wireless relay device; and a control unit configured to enable, when the receiving unit receives the second signal, a relay function that allows a signal received from the base station to be transmitted to a terminal and a signal received from the terminal to be transmitted to the base station.

A precoding method, performed by a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) array, includes determining a phase shift list corresponding to the RIS array, in which the phase shift list includes at least one row of phase shift sequence, the phase shift sequence includes a phase shift of each RIS array element in the RIS array, each row of phase shift sequence is configured to cause the RIS array to reflect an incident signal along a pair of reflection angles, and each row of phase shift sequence corresponds to one index value; acquiring a first index value from a user equipment (UE); determining a first phase shift sequence corresponding to the first index value from the phase shift list; and precoding the RIS array by configuring the phase shift of each RIS array element in the RIS array according to the first phase shift sequence.

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for wireless communication by a network entity. For example, the network entity defines a size of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) elements. The network entity further defines a set of patterns representing active RIS elements and/or inactive RIS elements, based on the size of RIS elements. The network entity transmits an indication of the size of RIS elements and the set of patterns to a RIS controller.

Provided are a beam training method, a first node, a second node, a communication system, and a medium. In this method, the near-field code word of each of multiple sampling point pairs is constructed according to the array response vector of the near-field cascaded channel of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS). Each sampling point pair includes one first sampling point and one second sampling point. The first sampling point is a candidate location of a scatterer between a first node and the RIS. The second sampling point is a candidate location of a scatterer between the RIS and a second node. A training symbol is sent through the RIS according to the near-field code word of each sampling point pair. Feedback information is received. The feedback information includes the information of an optimal beam.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a first network entity may transmit, to a forwarding-capable network entity and at a first time, a first forwarding configuration. The first network entity may transmit, to the forwarding-capable network entity and at a second time, a second forwarding configuration, wherein the transmission is associated with an amount of time between the first time and the second time. Numerous other aspects are described.

A method of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) node may comprise: receiving, from a first transmitting node, control information for controlling the first RIS node; grouping reflecting elements of the first RIS node into at least one reflecting element group using the control information; and transmitting at least one signal incident on the at least one reflecting element group to a receiving node.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A first wireless communication device may set parameter(s) corresponding to column(s) of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) based on a periodic coding sequence. Based on the parameter(s), the first wireless communication device may transmit a first signal to a second wireless communication device in a first direction using a first harmonic frequency, and may transmit a second signal to a third wireless communication device in a second direction using a second harmonic frequency. The second wireless communication device may decode the first signal based on the periodic coding sequence and the first harmonic frequency, and the third wireless communication device may decode the second signal based on periodic coding sequence and the second harmonic frequency. The first wireless communication device may similarly set second parameter(s) of the RIS based on a second periodic coding sequence.

Methods and apparatuses for reducing the overhead in RIS-aided URLLC system are disclosed. A method comprises determining, by applying delay outage rate (DOR) metric, an active number of reflecting elements at an RIS between the base station and a UE in an RIS-aided URLLC system; and setting the active number of reflecting elements to the RIS.

An embodiment of a User Equipment (UE) for supporting a communication with IRS in communication networks is disclosed. The UE is configured to receive configuration signal from a network device for configuration of a set of trigger points. Based on the set of trigger points, the UE is configured to detect one or more pilot signals from an IRS controller corresponding to the IRS, and perform measurement of one or more parameters. The UE is configured to transmit a first set of information to the network device based on the detected one or more pilot signals and the measurement of the one or more parameters and receive one or more instructions, for executing a handover procedure for network communication from the network device to the IRS, based on the transmitted first set of information.