A reflective device includes a control element and an array of reflective elements. Each reflective element of the array of reflective elements has an antenna element and a phase shifter and is under control of the control element so as to reflect a radio-frequency (RF) signal incident on the each reflective element with an adjustable phase shift, where different phase shifts are realized by the phase shifter channeling the RF signal into a specific one of a number of different delay lines. Each of the different delay lines includes an extension unit configured to extract a portion of a power of the RF signal channeled into the respective specific one delay line by the phase shifter and to measure or estimate the voltage, the current and/or the power of the extracted portion of the RF signal.

A device (101) for enabling a communication between a Base Station, BS, (100) and a UE (110) comprising a first sheet (102) comprising one or more elements (102a) for interacting with one or more signals in the form of Electromagnetic waves, EM, a controller circuitry (104), wherein the controller circuitry (104) comprises a memory (106) and a processor (107), the memory comprising instructions which when executed by the processor cause the device (101) to: receive a first message comprising a first configuration information for the device (101); obtain a second configuration information based on at least the first configuration information and a first power division factor; configure the first sheet based on the second configuration information to divide the energy propagated by an incident signal in the form of an EM wave into a first energy and a second energy; and send a second message comprising the second configuration information.

A communication system may include a wireless base station (BS), one or more user equipment (UE) devices, and optionally one or more reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS's). Phased antenna arrays may be implemented on one or more of these devices. The phased antenna arrays may exhibit beam squint. The beam squint may be leveraged to optimize communications efficiency in the system. For example, a transmit device may leverage beam squint to perform modulation coding scheme (MCS) adjustment, transmit power level adjustment, reference signal allocation, beam width adjustment, frequency domain resource allocation, carrier aggregation band selection, and/or beam management procedures. Beam squint may also be leveraged to ensure that satisfactory communications are maintained between the BS and the UE devices even as the UE devices move over time.

A communication system may include a wireless base station (BS), one or more user equipment (UE) devices, and optionally one or more reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS's). Phased antenna arrays may be implemented on one or more of these devices. The phased antenna arrays may exhibit beam squint. The beam squint may be leveraged to optimize communications efficiency in the system. For example, a transmit device may leverage beam squint to perform modulation coding scheme (MCS) adjustment, transmit power level adjustment, reference signal allocation, beam width adjustment, frequency domain resource allocation, carrier aggregation band selection, and/or beam management procedures. Beam squint may also be leveraged to ensure that satisfactory communications are maintained between the BS and the UE devices even as the UE devices move over time.

A first node receives a first reference signal in a first RS resource; first operates a first signal on a first frequency band; a duplex mode of the first frequency band is a frequency division duplex; the first operating is to receive and the first signal is on a downlink working band, or the first operating is to transmit and the first signal is on an uplink working band; the first signal is spatially associated with the first RS resource; when the first operating is to receive, time-domain resources occupied by the first signal are not overlapping with a first time-domain resource pool; when the first operating is to transmit, time-domain resources occupied by the first signal are not overlapping with a second time-domain resource pool; time-domain resources occupied by the first time-domain resource pool are orthogonal to time-domain resources occupied by the second time-domain resource pool.

One example method includes receiving inputs (1) specifying a total power amount for the communication system, (2) specifying communication system operational parameters, and (3) specifying a number of elements implemented in the IRS. Based on the inputs, a portion of the total power amount needed to switch an element of the IRS from a passive element to an active element, an amplification amount of the element, and the SNR of the wireless signal received at the receiver when the first element is an active element are calculated for all combinations of elements of the IRS. Based on the calculations, a number of elements implemented in the IRS are selected to switch from passive elements to active elements that will result in a maximum SNR of the wireless signal received at the receiver.

Techniques are described for signaling in environments including one or more reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs). An example wireless communication method includes transmitting, from a network device, a first signal to a subset of reflective elements of a surface comprising a plurality of reflective elements, the first signal being reflected off the surface in at least a first direction toward a wireless device. The method further includes receiving, from the wireless device, a second signal based on the first signal. For example, the first signal can include a reference signal, and the second signal can include a measurement of the reference signal. Based on the signaling, the subset, a different subset, or no subset of reflective elements can be selected for transmission.

Techniques are described to configure a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) device or a repeater device. An example wireless communication method includes receiving, by a communication device (e.g., RIS device or a repeater device) from a network device, control information; and configuring the communication device according to the control information.

There is provided methods and apparatuses for configuring reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) to support network service. According to embodiments, there are provided centralized, distributed and hybrid methods for determining a set of base stations that can be responsible for control and communication (C&C) of RIS. In particular, there are provided RIS C&C architectures, RIS-specific messaging protocols in various scenarios, and a grid-based method for facilitation of RIS related analysis.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a network node may transmit, to a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), information identifying a RIS configuration, wherein the RIS configuration includes one or more parameters for a time-varying control configuration associated with side-lobe suppression. The network node may communicate, via the RIS and using the RIS configuration, with a user equipment (UE). Numerous other aspects are described.