Disclosed embodiment of network device includes one or more processors coupled to a memory storing a set of instructions which when executed by the one or more processors cause the network device to: receive, from an IRS manager, a scheduling data request. The one or more processors further causes the network device to transmit, to the IRS manager, responsive to the received scheduling data request, a scheduling data response and receive, from the IRS manager, an IRS resource command, wherein the IRS manager transmits the IRS resource command responsive to the scheduling data response. Further, the one or more processors causes the network device to transmit to an IRS controller associated with the IRS, the received IRS resource command, wherein IRS controller is configured to allocate the IRS resources to each of the plurality of UEs based on the IRS resource command.

Mechanisms for adjusting atoms of an Intelligent Reflective Surface (IRS) are provided. A method is performed by a controller configured to control an IRS comprising an array of atoms, each having an individually adjustable phase shift and gain. At least some of the atoms are provided with a measurement sensor. The method comprises obtaining, from the measurement sensors, measurements of received power of a signal transmitted from a user equipment and received by the atoms and determining, by a gradient in received power between two of the measurement sensors is larger than a threshold value, that the user equipment is in near-field of the IRS. The method comprises, as a result thereof, adjusting the phase shift of a first subset of the atoms for reflection at the IRS of subsequent communication between a network node and the user equipment when the user equipment is in the near-field of the IRS.

The technology described herein is directed towards a calibration procedure for remote estimation of the position and orientation of an intelligent reflective surface. The calibration is based on accurate estimation of the relative distances between each element of an intelligent reflective surface and a transmission-reception point, e.g., radar sensor, wireless access point and/or base station. A multifrequency (e.g., dual-tone) calibration signal is transmitted to selected elements of the intelligent reflective surface, with the returned calibration signals used to determine the distance to each selected element, from which distances to other elements are determined, along with the intelligent reflective surface's orientation. An active backscatter tag that boosts the returned signal improves the distance measurement accuracy. From the data obtained, the phase delays along the path linking a target and any element of the intelligent reflective surface, and the path linking that element and the transmission-reception point can be directly determined.

A computer-implemented method for radio transmission of data related to a production installation from a transmitter to a receiver via a controllable reflector, wherein at least one radio channel model is produced and trained by a processor with a memory for the production installation between the transmitter and the receiver based on machine learning, where a radio channel model is determined for each configuration installations of the production installation, a current configuration of installations of the production installation is determined, the reflector is controlled for the current configuration with the aid of the determined radio channel model, and where the data are transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver via the reflector.

Aspects of the present disclosure provide apparatus, methods, processing systems, and computer readable mediums for determining a beamformer to apply to groups of two or more elements of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS). The beamformer is applied to the groups of elements of the RIS to facilitate communications at the operating frequency by re-radiating radio signals via the elements of the RIS. For example, by grouping RIS elements in different manners and applying a beamformer (e.g., precoding weights) to the group as if the group were a single RIS element, the RIS can be reconfigured to behave differently to suit various operating frequencies of the radio signals.

A downlink positioning reference signal scheduling method includes: receiving, at a network entity from a UE, a capability message indicating a first PRS symbol duration of the UE for processing DL-PRS of a first signal type and a second PRS symbol duration of the UE for processing second DL-PRS of a second signal type, the first signal type being for non-RIS-reflected signal transfer between the network entity and the UE and the second signal type being for RIS-reflected signal transfer between the network entity and the UE; and scheduling, based on the capability message, second resources of the second DL-PRS of the second signal type such that the second resources of the second DL-PRS span no more than the second PRS symbol duration.

Described herein are systems, methods and instrumentalities associated with a wireless communication network comprising a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS). A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) in such a communication network may receive measurement configuration information that may indicate at least a first measurement resource and a second measurement resource. The first measurement resource may be associated with a first transmission path associated with a first subset of elements of the RIS, while the second measurement resource may be associated with a second transmission path independent of the RIS. The WTRU may perform measurements based on the measurement configuration information, and may transmit a report regarding at least one of the measurements to the network.

The present application relates to devices and components including apparatus, systems, and methods for channel estimations using reconfigurable intelligence services.

A reflect array that sets a reflection angle of a radio wave to an angle that is different from an angle of specular reflection. The reflect array includes a plurality of cells arranged in an array. Each of the plurality of cells includes at least two main resonant elements and a parasitic resonant element coupled to the at least two main resonant elements. The parasitic resonant element is configured to adjust a resonant frequency of the parasitic resonant element and adjust a reflection phase of a surface of the reflect array by adjusting a resonant frequency of the at least two main resonant elements each adjacent to the parasitic resonant element, to which the parasitic resonant element is coupled.

Control information and transmission configuration indicator (TCI) are provided for reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs). A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive a first physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) transmission using a first TCI state associated with a base station and using a second TCI state associated with a first RIS mode. The WTRU may perform a reference signal measurement associated with an RIS. The WTRU may determine an interference level based on the reference signal measurement. The WTRU may determine a second RIS mode based on the interference level. The WTRU may send a message to the base station, wherein the message indicates the second RIS mode. The WTRU may receive an indication of a third RIS mode associated with a third TCI state associated with the base station. The WTRU may receive a second PDSCH transmission using the third TCI state.