A display device and a driving method are provided. The display device includes a display panel and a control IC. The display panel includes a plurality of light-emitting elements. The control IC is configured to control the plurality of light-emitting elements to be turned on at a first frequency so as to display display-related data, and control at least two light-emitting elements of the plurality of light-emitting elements to be turned on and off at a second frequency greater than the first frequency so as to transmit visible light data.

Techniques and examples pertaining to single channel line-of-sight (LOS) communication are described. The transmitting end of the LOS communication involves direct modulation of a light emitted from a light emitter. The receiving end of the LOS communication involves receiving a video stream of the light emitter emitting the light, wherein the video stream comprises a plurality of video frames that are continuous in time. The receiving end of the LOS communication also involves converting the video stream to a binary string comprising a plurality of binary bits. Each of the binary bits corresponds to a respective one of the plurality of video frames, and the binary string contains a repeated binary pattern representing a message being conveyed. The receiving end of the LOS communication also involves extracting the binary pattern from the binary string and then decoding the binary pattern to obtain the message.

Techniques and examples pertaining to single channel line-of-sight (LOS) communication are described. The transmitting end of the LOS communication involves direct modulation of a light emitted from a light emitter. The receiving end of the LOS communication involves receiving a video stream of the light emitter emitting the light, wherein the video stream comprises a plurality of video frames that are continuous in time. The receiving end of the LOS communication also involves converting the video stream to a binary string comprising a plurality of binary bits. Each of the binary bits corresponds to a respective one of the plurality of video frames, and the binary string contains a repeated binary pattern representing a message being conveyed. The receiving end of the LOS communication also involves extracting the binary pattern from the binary string and then decoding the binary pattern to obtain the message.

Disclosed herein are methods, devices, and systems for providing timing and bandwidth management of ultra-wideband, wireless data channels (including radio frequency and wireless optical data channels). According to one embodiment, a hub apparatus is disclosed for providing out-of-band bandwidth management for a free-space-optical (FSO) data channel associated with a first device. The hub apparatus includes a processor, a memory coupled with the processor, an FSO transmitter coupled with the processor, and an FSO receiver coupled with the processor. The FSO transmitter may be configured to transmit a control signal comprising timing information and bandwidth management information.

Disclosed herein are methods, devices, and systems for providing timing and bandwidth management of ultra-wideband, wireless data channels (including radio frequency and wireless optical data channels). According to one embodiment, a hub apparatus is disclosed for providing out-of-band bandwidth management for a free-space-optical (FSO) data channel associated with a first device. The hub apparatus includes a processor, a memory coupled with the processor, an FSO transmitter coupled with the processor, and an FSO receiver coupled with the processor. The FSO transmitter may be configured to transmit a control signal comprising timing information and bandwidth management information.

A lighting device includes: a communication unit that communicates with a vehicle which drives autonomously; a diagnostic unit that performs, via the communication unit, diagnosis as to whether the vehicle is being hacked; and a light emitter that emits illumination light onto at least one of the vehicle, a road on which the vehicle travels, or a parking space in which the vehicle parks.

An optical wireless communication system comprises: a first device comprising a transceiver apparatus; and a plurality of further devices each comprising respective further transceiver apparatus, wherein the first device is configured to communicate via at least one optical channel with the plurality of further devices, and the transceiver apparatus of the first device comprising: a receiver for receiving light (optionally of a first wavelength or range of wavelengths) representing optical wireless communication signals transmitted by the further devices, the receiver comprising at least one photodetector; receiver-side processing circuitry for processing optical wireless communication signals received by the receiver to extract data represented by the received optical wireless communication signals; a transmitter for transmitting further light (optionally of a second wavelength or range of wavelengths)s representing optical wireless communication signals; transmitter-side processing circuitry for producing optical wireless communication signals for transmission by the transmitter; a multiplexer arrangement that is arranged to receive optical wireless communication signals from a plurality of signal paths and to pass the signals to the transmitter for transmission; and a controller for controlling operation of the transceiver apparatus of the first device, wherein a first of the signal paths to the multiplexer arrangement is from the transmitter-side processing circuitry; a second of the signal paths to the multiplexer arrangement is from the receiver-side; and the controller controls operation of the transceiver apparatus so as to pass via the multiplexer arrangement to the transmitter for re-transmission at least part of an optical wireless communication signal received from one of the further devices by the receiver thereby to indicate to the other further devices of the plurality of further devices that an optical channel of the receiver is busy.

The one or more LED filaments (110) are arranged to form an inner space. At least one of the one or more LED filaments (110) is arranged as a LiFi transmitter. The LiFi device (100) further comprises a light sensor (120) arranged within the inner space. The light sensor (120) is arranged as a LiFi receiver. The LiFi device further comprises an envelope arranged to envelope the one or more LED filaments (110) and the light sensor (120). The one or more LED filaments (110) are further arranged such that the LED filament light is directed towards the envelope.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provides a visible light communication network. The visible light communication network includes a plurality of optical network nodes, any two optical network nodes of the plurality of optical network nodes are connected through an optical connection, the plurality of optical network nodes form at least one optical communication link, and each of the at least one optical communication link includes at least part of the plurality of optical network nodes. A first optical network node is configured to communicate an optical signal with another optical network node through an optical connection between the first optical network node and the other optical network node, and the first optical network node is any optical network node in the optical communication link.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provides a visible light communication network. The visible light communication network includes a plurality of optical network nodes, any two optical network nodes of the plurality of optical network nodes are connected through an optical connection, the plurality of optical network nodes form at least one optical communication link, and each of the at least one optical communication link includes at least part of the plurality of optical network nodes. A first optical network node is configured to communicate an optical signal with another optical network node through an optical connection between the first optical network node and the other optical network node, and the first optical network node is any optical network node in the optical communication link.