According to a signal transmitting method, a signal receiving method, and a related device and system, a generated single-wavelength optical carrier may be split into N subcarriers with a same wavelength by using a splitting device, corresponding data modulation and corresponding amplitude spread spectrum modulation are performed on the N subcarriers by using N spreading codes and N low-speed data signals obtained by deserializing a received high-speed data signal, to obtain N spread spectrum modulation signals, and the N spread spectrum modulation signals are combined and output. A multicarrier generation apparatus or the like having a relatively complex structure does not need to be used for optical carrier splitting, and spectrum spreading does not need to be performed in a phase modulation manner in which a plurality of delay units or controllable phase units are required.

A functional panel, a method of manufacturing the same, and a terminal are disclosed. The functional panel includes a base substrate, at least one differential signal line group on the base substrate, where each differential signal line group of the at least one differential signal line group includes two signal lines and at least one ground line group on the base substrate and on the same side of the base substrate as the at least one differential signal line group. Each ground line group of the at least one ground line group includes two ground lines. Each ground line group corresponds to each differential signal line group one-to-one, and orthographic projections of the two ground lines in each ground line group on the base substrate are on both sides of an orthographic projection of a corresponding differential signal line group on the base substrate, and two ground lines in the ground line group are connected to a same reference ground.

Communication of light signals and optical cables can be managed to mitigate error associated with using optical cables to communicate light signals. A communication management component (CMC) can embed respective timing synchronization pulses in respective lights signals having respective wavelengths. The light signals can be typical light signals or can be squeezed and twisted to generate a desired twisted light signal. The light signals can be transmitted via the optical cable to a receiver. A CMC, at the receiver end, can determine error associated with the transmission of the light signals via the optical cable and respective characteristics of the respective light signals, including respective arrival times of the respective timing synchronization pulses and respective light intensity or power levels of the respective light signals. From the respective characteristics, CMC can determine a compensation action to perform mitigate the error with regard to subsequent transmissions of light signals.

Communication of light signals and optical cables can be managed to mitigate error associated with using optical cables to communicate light signals. A communication management component (CMC) can embed respective timing synchronization pulses in respective lights signals having respective wavelengths. The light signals can be typical light signals or can be squeezed and twisted to generate a desired twisted light signal. The light signals can be transmitted via the optical cable to a receiver. A CMC, at the receiver end, can determine error associated with the transmission of the light signals via the optical cable and respective characteristics of the respective light signals, including respective arrival times of the respective timing synchronization pulses and respective light intensity or power levels of the respective light signals. From the respective characteristics, CMC can determine a compensation action to perform mitigate the error with regard to subsequent transmissions of light signals.

Embodiments of this application provide a clock phase recovery apparatus and method, and a chip. The clock phase recovery apparatus includes an ADC, a dispersion compensation unit, a digital interpolator, a MIMO equalization unit, and a clock offset phase obtaining unit. The ADC is connected to the dispersion compensation unit, and the dispersion compensation unit is connected to a first input end of the digital interpolator. An output end of the digital interpolator is connected to an input end of the MIMO equalization unit, and an output end of the MIMO equalization unit is connected to an input end of the clock offset phase obtaining unit. The digital interpolator is configured to adjust, based on first offset phase information output by the clock offset phase obtaining unit, a dispersion-compensated signal output by the dispersion compensation unit.

Embodiments of this application provide a clock phase recovery apparatus and method, and a chip. The clock phase recovery apparatus includes an ADC, a dispersion compensation unit, a digital interpolator, a MIMO equalization unit, and a clock offset phase obtaining unit. The ADC is connected to the dispersion compensation unit, and the dispersion compensation unit is connected to a first input end of the digital interpolator. An output end of the digital interpolator is connected to an input end of the MIMO equalization unit, and an output end of the MIMO equalization unit is connected to an input end of the clock offset phase obtaining unit. The digital interpolator is configured to adjust, based on first offset phase information output by the clock offset phase obtaining unit, a dispersion-compensated signal output by the dispersion compensation unit.

A polarization scrambler using a retardance element (RE) is disclosed. The polarization scrambler may include an optical fiber input to transmit an optical signal, and a beam expander to receive and expand the optical signal to create an expanded optical signal. The polarization scrambler may include a retardance element (RE) to cause a polarization scrambling effect on the expanded optical signal and to create a scrambled expanded optical signal. The polarization scrambler may include a beam reducer to receive and reduce the scrambled expanded optical signal to create a scrambled optical signal. The polarization scrambler may include an optical fiber output to receive scrambled optical signal. The optical fiber output may transmit the scrambled optical signal to one or more downstream optical components.

A polarization scrambler using a retardance element (RE) is disclosed. The polarization scrambler may include an optical fiber input to transmit an optical signal, and a beam expander to receive and expand the optical signal to create an expanded optical signal. The polarization scrambler may include a retardance element (RE) to cause a polarization scrambling effect on the expanded optical signal and to create a scrambled expanded optical signal. The polarization scrambler may include a beam reducer to receive and reduce the scrambled expanded optical signal to create a scrambled optical signal. The polarization scrambler may include an optical fiber output to receive scrambled optical signal. The optical fiber output may transmit the scrambled optical signal to one or more downstream optical components.

The present disclosure provides a panel, a manufacturing method for the same, and a terminal. The panel includes: a base substrate; at least one differential signal line group on the base substrate, each including two signal lines; and at least one ground wire group on the base substrate and on the same side of the base substrate as the at least one differential signal line group. The at least one ground wire group is in one-to-one correspondence with the at least one differential signal line group, each ground wire group includes two ground wires, and orthographic projections of the two ground wires in each ground wire group on the base substrate are on two sides of an orthographic projection of a corresponding differential signal line group on the base substrate, respectively.

Communication of light signals and optical cables can be managed to mitigate error associated with using optical cables to communicate light signals. A communication management component (CMC) can embed respective timing synchronization pulses in respective lights signals having respective wavelengths. The light signals can be typical light signals or can be squeezed and twisted to generate a desired twisted light signal. The light signals can be transmitted via the optical cable to a receiver. A CMC, at the receiver end, can determine error associated with the transmission of the light signals via the optical cable and respective characteristics of the respective light signals, including respective arrival times of the respective timing synchronization pulses and respective light intensity or power levels of the respective light signals. From the respective characteristics, CMC can determine a compensation action to perform mitigate the error with regard to subsequent transmissions of light signals.