An optical network communication system utilizes a coherent passive optical network (PON). The system includes an optical line terminal (OLT) having a downstream transmitter and an upstream receiver system configured for time-wavelength division coherent detection. The system further includes a splitter in operable communication with the OLT, and a plurality of optical network units (ONUs) in operable communication with the splitter. Each of the plurality of ONUs is configured to (i) receive downstream coherent burst signals from the OLT, and (ii) transmit at least one upstream burst signal to the OLT. The upstream receiver system further includes a power control module and a local oscillator (LO) configured to generate an optical LO signal The power control module is configured to adaptively control, in real-time, a power level of the optical LO signal.

Disclosed herein are methods, devices, and system for beam forming and beam steering within ultra-wideband, wireless optical communication devices and systems. According to one embodiment, a free space optical (FSO) communication apparatus is disclosed. The FSO communication apparatus includes a semiconductor optical device configured to have a transient response time of less than 500 picoseconds (ps), a lens, and a first band select filter.

An optical module includes: a casing; a printed circuit board (PCB) connected to a first side wall of the casing and configured to provide first electrical signals to an optical transmitter assembly; the optical transmitter assembly arranged in the casing and configured to convert the first electrical signals into first optical signals; an optical receiver adapter and an optical transmitter adapter arranged outside the casing and connected to a second side wall of the casing, wherein the optical transmitter adapter is configured to receive second optical signals; a first displacement prism arranged in the casing and configured to direct the second optical signals toward an optical receiver assembly; and the optical receiver assembly configured to convert the second optical signals into second electrical signals. At least one component of the optical receiver assembly is arranged in the casing.

An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a memory and at least one processor functionally connected with the memory, wherein the at least one processor may be configured to generate a first signal by modulating a phase of a default signal using a first code corresponding to a first magnetic field generator connected with the electronic device, control the first magnetic field generator connected with the electronic device to radiate a magnetic field corresponding to the first signal, receive a signal from at least one sensor connected with the electronic device, identify a second signal corresponding to the first signal from the signal, using the first code, and determine at least one of a position or a direction of the at least one sensor based on the second signal.

An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a memory and at least one processor functionally connected with the memory, wherein the at least one processor may be configured to generate a first signal by modulating a phase of a default signal using a first code corresponding to a first magnetic field generator connected with the electronic device, control the first magnetic field generator connected with the electronic device to radiate a magnetic field corresponding to the first signal, receive a signal from at least one sensor connected with the electronic device, identify a second signal corresponding to the first signal from the signal, using the first code, and determine at least one of a position or a direction of the at least one sensor based on the second signal.

[Problem] An optical receiver using a polarization demultiplexing technique is miniaturized.

[Solution] An optical receiver 100A for receiving a polarization multiplexed signal obtained by performing orthogonal polarization multiplexing on two optical signals. The optical receiver includes an IL 1 splitting the polarization multiplexed signal into two transmitted signals that are asymmetric in terms of a light transmission characteristic, O/Es 2a and 2b converting the transmitted signals resulting from the split into electrical signals, a downsampler 3 downsampling the electrical signals resulting from the conversion to generate low-speed digital signals, a calculator 4 calculating coefficients of a polarization separation matrix from the resultant low-speed digital signals, a level adjuster 5A adjusting, in accordance with the coefficients resulting from the calculation, signal levels of the electrical signals resulting from the conversion to generate a plurality of adjustment signals, adders 6Aa and 6Ab adding the generated adjustment signals to generate addition signals, and discriminators 7a and 7b restoring and extracting the two optical signals from the generated addition signals.

A switching network for effecting point-to-point communication between nodes has a time-varying switching configuration, which causes successive activation and deactivation of multiple channels of the switching network, a first of the channels connecting, when activated, a transmitter node and a first receiver node, and a second of the channels connecting, when activated, the transmitter node and a second receiver node. In a training phase, a method comprises: transmitting from the transmitter node via each channel a known training signal, to cause each receiver node to receive a distorted training signal, using the first distorted training signal and knowledge of the first known training signal to determine respective one or more transmit-side equalizer (EQ) coefficients for each channel, and storing, in memory accessible to the transmitter node, the first transmit-side EQ coefficients, in association with each channel, for use in conducting scheduled communications over the switching network in a communications phase.

A reception device includes a measurement unit that measures a first number of times for which a first phase and a first reverse phase based on a differential signal obtained by amplifying a signal based on noise intersect with each other, the first reverse phase being a reverse phase of the first phase, an oscillator that transmits a first signal, a comparison unit that compares the first number of times with a predetermined first reference value, and a signal output unit that outputs a second signal indicating that an optical signal has been received when the first number of times and the first reference value coincide with each other. The measurement unit resets the first number of times when the first signal is received.

A reception device includes a measurement unit that measures a first number of times for which a first phase and a first reverse phase based on a differential signal obtained by amplifying a signal based on noise intersect with each other, the first reverse phase being a reverse phase of the first phase, an oscillator that transmits a first signal, a comparison unit that compares the first number of times with a predetermined first reference value, and a signal output unit that outputs a second signal indicating that an optical signal has been received when the first number of times and the first reference value coincide with each other. The measurement unit resets the first number of times when the first signal is received.

A photodetecting device includes a substrate, a first photosensitive layer supported by the substrate, and a second photosensitive layer supported by the substrate and adjacent to the first photosensitive layer, each of the first photosensitive layer and the second photosensitive layer being coupled to a first doped portion having a first conductivity type, and a second doped region having a second conductivity type different from the first conductivity type, wherein the first photosensitive layer is separated from the second photosensitive layer, and the first doped portion coupled to the first photosensitive layer is electrically connected to the first doped portion coupled to the second photosensitive layer.