A network device obtains EMF strength of each grid in a first grid group. The first grid group includes M grids obtained by dividing a signal coverage area of the network device, and M is an integer greater than 1. The network device determines a second grid group based on EMF strength of the M grids. The second grid group includes at least a first grid and a second grid, a coverage area of the first grid is greater than that of the second grid, and EMF strength of the first grid is lower than EMF strength of the second grid. The network device monitors EMF strength of a coverage area of the second grid group based on the second grid group, to adjust the EMF strength of the coverage area of the second grid group.

The present disclosure relates to a pre-5.sup.th-Generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates Beyond 4.sup.th-Generation (4G) communication system such as Long Term Evolution (LTE). In a wireless communication system, a transmission apparatus comprises at least one antenna port for transmitting/receiving a signal, an analogue filter for selecting the frequency of the signal, and a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) detection unit for measuring the VSWR of the antenna port, wherein the VSWR detection unit is configured to detect both a forward signal and a reverse signal for an input terminal of the analogue filter, to determine the respective power values of a forward signal and a reverse signal for an output terminal of the analogue filter by applying characteristic parameters of the analogue filter to the detected forward signal and receive signal, and to determine the VSWR of the antenna port on the basis of the respective power values of the forward signal and the reverse signal for the output terminal of the analogue filter.

An operating method of a power estimation apparatus comprising a fixed antenna and a mobile antenna may comprise: a first operation of obtaining N measurement values by receiving a signal from signal sources using the fixed antenna and the mobile antenna that moves at a speed v from a first point to an Nth point; a second operation of generating a two-dimensional (2D) data collection set comprising N×M measurement values, by repeating the first operation M times; applying an approximation singular value decomposition (SVD) algorithm to the 2D data collection set; and obtaining information of the signal sources based on an application result of the approximation SVD algorithm, wherein N and M are natural numbers.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may transmit, to a wireless device, information indicating an amplitude control capability of the UE. The UE may receive, from the wireless device, a communication using amplitude control. Numerous other aspects are described.

Methods that include detecting cables connected to telecommunications network equipment are provided herein. In particular, a method that includes detecting connections of respective cables to ports of telecommunications network equipment may be performed using image recognition. Moreover, in some embodiments, the method may include detecting, using image recognition, respective positions of the ports. Related systems are also provided.

A monitoring system and monitoring method for detecting a spectral anomaly in a cellular wireless network, in particular a 5G private uRLLC network, wherein an RF receiver monitors the cellular wireless network spectrum and derives spectrum and/or physical measurement values of the spectrum of the cellular wireless network, and a processing unit of the monitoring system executes a spectral anomaly neural network trained by a machine learning algorithm in a training system, wherein the processing unit obtains the spectrum and/or the physical measurement values of the spectrum and processes it to detect a spectral anomaly information. Further, a training system and training method for training a spectral anomaly neural network, wherein the training system/method is used in a cellular wireless network, in particular a 5G private uRLLC network, and an RF receiver of the training system monitors the cellular wireless network spectrum and derives spectrum and/or physical measurement values of the spectrum of the cellular wireless network, and a processor of the training system executes a machine learning algorithm to train the spectral anomaly neural network based upon the derived spectrum and/or physical measurement values of the spectrum of the cellular wireless network.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. In some systems, a user equipment (UE) may perform a calibration to improve the accuracy, reliability, or both of signal transmissions. The UE may determine timing for the calibration procedure based on a received identifier for the UE (e.g., a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI), such as a cell RNTI (C-RNTI)). For example, the UE may determine a calibration offset between a reference time and a calibration gap according to an equation using at least the identifier as input. During the calibration gap, the UE may transmit a calibration signal using one or more antenna ports and may calibrate (e.g., adjust power amplification for) the one or more antenna ports based on an estimated actual transmit power for the calibration signal (e.g., received by other antenna ports of the UE or received by another device).

Apparatus, methods, and computer-readable media for coexistence of multiple uplink control channel formats for wireless communication with power spectral density limitation are disclosed herein. A user equipment (UE) may communicate, with a base station (BS) over a random access channel on a first set of random access resources or a second set of random access resources, a random access request based on a comparison between an intended transmit power of the random access request and a reference transmit power threshold. The UE may communicate, on a first set of uplink resources, a control message for initial network access when the random access request is communicated on the first set of random access resources. The UE also may communicate, on a second set of uplink resources, the control message when the random access request is communicated on the second set of random access resources.

A method of declaring Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power (EIRP) for an operating frequency band of a base station. The method includes: declaring a first EIRP for a first frequency of the operating frequency band, declaring a second EIRP for a second frequency of the operating frequency band, and declaring a third EIRP for a third frequency of the operating frequency band, wherein the third frequency is between the first frequency and the second frequency, and wherein the second frequency is higher than the first frequency.

An antenna comprising a reflector (20) connected to a motor drive (30), a primary radiator (30) for transceiving a radio beam at an operating frequency impinged on the reflector (20) is disclosed. A coarse alignment system comprising a motor drive is connected to the reflector (20) for driving at least one of the rotation and the tilting of the reflector. The coarse alignment system (70; 270; 370; 470) comprising an auxiliary antenna (50) connected to the control device (60) for communicating with a further auxiliary antenna (10b), at a second frequency different from the operating frequency. A fine alignment system is also present for electronic adjustment of the radio beam. A control device controls the coarse alignment system and the fine alignment system.