An isolated signal transmission apparatus isolatingly transmits, from a control-side apparatus to a control target apparatus, an electric signal obtained by superimposing a communication signal on a direct-current signal. The apparatus includes a lower limiter circuit configured to output, to the control target apparatus, a direct-current signal, whose value is a predetermined lower limit value, if a value of the direct-current signal from the control-side apparatus is less than the predetermined lower limit value.

A conditioning device for conditioning a data channel of a cell of a multicell electric energy store is designed to condition a signal frequency, suitable for transmitting data via the data channel, and/or an alternating current resistance of the data channel.

Systems for low power distribution in a power distribution network (PDN) contemplate using multiple low-power conductors to convey power from a power source to a remote sub-unit. The multiple conductors are isolated from one another to help prevent overcurrent conditions in a fault condition. In a first exemplary aspect, the isolation is provided by galvanic isolation. In a second exemplary aspect, the isolation is provided by diodes at the remote sub-units. Further, current sensors may be used at the power source to detect if any of the multiple low-power conductors are carrying current above a defined threshold current. By providing one or more of these safety features, a multiplexer may not be needed at the remote sub-unit, thus providing cost savings while preserving the desired safety features.

A voltage conversion apparatus for converting from a control voltage to a supply voltage and an apparatus for converting from a supply voltage to a control voltage are described. The supply voltage is designed to power, through a coaxial cable, a data communication device, and the coaxial cable is suitable for transmitting said supply voltage signal and at least one data signal associated with said data communication device. A conversion means of the conversion apparatus is configured to convert from the control voltage to the supply voltage comprising conversion means configured to convert from a first value of control voltage Vp1 and from a second value of control voltage Vp2 to a first value of supply voltage Va1 and, respectively, to a second value of supply voltage Va2. Said first value of control voltage Vp1 and said second value of control voltage Vp2 are values of control voltage for controlling a device that is distinct from such a data communication device.

An Ethernet device having an Ethernet connector comprising first and second pairs of contacts to carry BaseT Ethernet communication signals wherein at least one of the contacts of the first pair of contacts and at least one of the contacts of the second pair of contacts are configured to conduct at least two different magnitudes of DC current flow without interfering with the BaseT Ethernet communication signals.

A Digital Addressable Lighting Interface, DALI, enabled communication device for transmitting messages over a communication bus having two communication lines, said device comprising a switch connected between said two communication lines, a controller arranged for controlling said switch for imposing logical communication levels on said communication bus, an energy storage device, connected in series with said switch, and arranged for storing electrical energy flowing from said bus through said switch, a bypass circuit arranged for bypassing said energy storage device when a voltage over said energy storage device is above a predetermined voltage threshold.

A DC voltage grid includes an electrical conductor electrically interconnecting electrical components, with a DC voltage applied between parts of the electrical conductor. An actuator is configured to vary the DC voltage such that a value of the DC voltage depends on at least one state of the DC voltage grid. Information about the at least one state is transmitted to the electrical components of the DC voltage grid by way of the DC voltage. A wind farm having wind turbines connected to such a DC voltage grid and a method for operating such a DC voltage grid or such a wind farm are also disclosed. The DC voltage of the DC voltage grid is controlled or regulated depending on a state of the DC voltage grid.

A network unit may be operatively attached to power lines of an interconnected power system and/or a device such as a power module that may further include a communication interface. The network unit may be operable to superimpose a first signal representative of a sensed parameter of the power system onto the power lines, thereby to transmit the first signal to other power modules in the interconnected power system or to a power device in interconnected power system. The network unit may receive a second signal of the parameter superimposed onto the power lines from another network unit.

A processing method and LED module based on a power line transmission amplitude-modulated signal, which comprises a voltage processing module, a voltage regulator module, a control module, a constant current module, a signal comparison module, an oscillator and an LED, wherein an amplitude-modulated signal having a high and low level is input from a positive electrode terminal and then processed by the voltage processing module for input to the voltage regulator module, a power supply voltage is provided respectively for the LED and the control module under the effect of the voltage regulator module, and a reference voltage is provided for the signal comparison module; the amplitude-modulated signal is input to the signal comparison module, such that a control signal is obtained under the effect of the signal comparison module for input to the control module. In the invention, the LED emits light stably, and can be automatically produced.

The present invention improves power supply efficiency during power line communication. This electronic device, comprising at least a portion of a constant current circuit connected to a predetermined load, has a circuit unit that controls the voltage to be applied to the predetermined load on the basis of a state related to the predetermined load. The circuit unit has: a path (a path from end to end via a constant voltage diode) in which at least a portion of the voltage to be applied to the predetermined load is generated when a constant current flowing in the constant current circuit flows therein; and a field effect transistor serving as a switch unit for switching between short-circuiting the path and undoing the same. A control unit controls the voltage to be applied to the predetermined load by switching the state of the switch unit.