In a computer network, network-connected devices generate and encode diagnostic information using an orthogonal code specific to each of the network-connected devices. In some implementations, the orthogonal code is a Walsh Code, a Walsh-Hadamard code, or a prime number. The encoded diagnostic information is transmitted to a router. The router aggregates and combines the encoded diagnostic information into a combined diagnostic value. Additional diagnostic information may be generated, encoded, and added to the combined diagnostic value by the router. The combined diagnostic value may be transmitted to additional upstream routers where additional diagnostic information is encoded and multiplexed into the combined diagnostic value. The combined diagnostic value may be collected by a network management console where the original diagnostic information associated with a particular network-connected device may be recovered by decoding the combined diagnostic value with the orthogonal code associated to the particular network-connected device.

A method apparatus and system for efficiently transmitting and receiving channels are provided in a wireless communication system based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). A multiplexing scheme differs according to a channel when a transmitter transmits a packet data channel, a common control channel and a control channel designated for a particular user. Uncoded 1-bit information is broadly dispersed in frequency and time domains using multiplexing technology for maximizing diversity gain in a channel for transmitting information of at least one bit to a particular user like an acknowledgement (ACK) channel. The transmitter converts a sequence obtained by multiplexing multiple bits to be transmitted to a plurality of users to parallel signals, and broadly disperses the parallel signals in the time and frequency domains. When the uncoded 1-bit information is transmitted, reception reliability is improved because channel coding and transmission are efficiently performed using a small amount of resources.

The present disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-Generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. In an embodiment, a method for encoding information bits includes receiving the information bits, encoding the information bits by using a block code, and outputting a codeword generated as a result of the encoding. A length of the information bits is a maximum of 13 bits, and the block code is composed of a Walsh basis sequence and a mask basis sequence.

Enhancements for a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) antenna ports indications for demodulation reference signal (DMRS) Type 2 with frequency domain orthogonal cover code length 4 are disclosed herein. Various embodiments herein relate the use of additional and/or replacement DMRS ports (e.g., for PDSCH) in an enhanced wireless communication system as compared to DMRS ports that may be used in legacy wireless communication systems. Various applicable scenarios are discussed. Various mechanisms for determining the additional and/or replacement DMRS ports with respect to the various discussed circumstances are also discussed.

Multiple full channel quality indication (CQI) reports indicative of received signal quality for multiple carriers in wireless communication are transmitted in multiple time intervals of a CQI channel.

A terminal apparatus is disclosed wherein even in a case of applying SU-MIMO and MU-MIMO at the same time, the inter-sequence interference in a plurality of pilot signals used by the same terminal can be suppressed to a low value, while the inter-sequence interference in pilot signal between terminals can be reduced. In this terminal apparatus: a pilot information deciding unit decides, based on allocation control information, Walsh sequences of the respective ones of first and second stream groups at least one of which includes a plurality of streams; and a pilot signal generating unit forms a transport signal by using the decided Walsh sequences to spread the streams included in the first and second stream groups. During this, Walsh sequences orthogonal to each other are established in the first and second stream groups, and users are allocated on a stream group-by-stream group basis.

A device includes circuitry configured to spread one or more symbols with one or more orthogonal codes into spread signals having a predetermined number of bits. The amplitude of the spread signals is modified via one or more layer coefficients and the spread signals are multiplexed into a layered transmit signal.

The present disclosure provides an orthogonal codes based code division multiplexing method of performing the code division multiplexing of demodulation reference signals in multiple layers of resource blocks by using orthogonal matrices, the method comprising: changing the order of chips in particular rows of a first orthogonal matrix to obtain a second orthogonal matrix with the changed order of chips; and multiplying the chips in respective rows of the second orthogonal matrix by the demodulation reference signals in corresponding layers of resource blocks correspondingly in the time direction to obtain code division multiplexing signals. The technical scheme of the present disclosure can improve the power jitter situation of downlink signals on the time, thereby the usage efficiency of the power amplifier at the base station side can be improved.

[Object] To provide a transmission apparatus, reception apparatus, and information processing method which enable a wireless device to carry out wireless transmission with less power consumption. [Solution] A transmission apparatus includes: a communication unit configured to transmit a transmission signal from the transmission apparatus to a reception apparatus via wireless communication; and a signal processing unit configured to generate the transmission signal in which transmission information is spread by using a spreading code selected according to identification information of the transmission apparatus, in order to enable the reception apparatus to acquire the identification information on the basis of an estimation result of the spreading code used for the transmission signal.

A first method for wireless communications may comprise determining sizes of payloads of user equipments (UEs), determining whether to multiplex the payloads of the UEs based on the sizes of the payloads, and allocating codes or cyclic shifts to the UEs to transmit the payloads on a single interlace of resources. A second method for wireless communications may comprise determining a first code or a first cyclic shift used for a first transmission using an interlace of resources, and allocating second codes or second cyclic shifts to UEs for a second transmission, where the second transmission may be multiplexed with the first transmission on the interlace of resources. A third method for wireless communications may comprise allocating a first interlace of resources for a first transmission for occupying an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band, and allocating a second interlace of resources, occupied by a base station, for a second transmission.