The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for transmitting control and training symbols to improve transmission efficiency in a multi-user wireless communication system. The method for transmitting the control and training symbols in the multi-user wireless communication system according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of: determining whether a required transmission rate of each data can be satisfied through channel estimation in each of terminals when different data are simultaneously transmitted to each of the terminals; and transmitting a data frame to each of the terminals, the data frame being composed to discriminate the control and training symbols in each of the terminals using a combination of time, frequency, and code area when the required transmission rate of each data is not satisfied according to the determined result.

The invention relates to inserting a first and a second Reference Signals in a radio signal to be transmitted over a wireless communication system, the radio signal being emitted according to a specific SC-SFBC scheme, the method comprising: determining K integers such as $\left\{n_i|i\in 〚1;K〛,0\le n_i\le \frac{M}{2}-1,\forall i,j\in {〚1;K〛}^2,i<j.Math.n_i<n_j\right\};$ and for each pair i of first and second Reference Signals: inserting the first Reference Signal in the radio signal, such as samples of the first Reference Signal are in time periods in the radio signal, said time periods being dependent on a first position in the block of symbols processed by the specific SC-SFBC scheme; inserting the second Reference Signal in the radio signal, such as samples of the second Reference Signal are in time periods in the radio signal, said time periods being dependent on a specific position according to the first position in the same block of symbols.

Briefly, in accordance with one or more embodiments, apparatus of an evolved NodeB (eNB) comprises circuitry to configure one or more parameters for a 5G master information block (xMIB). The xMIB contains at least one of the following parameters: downlink system bandwidth, system frame number (SFN), or configuration for other physical channels, or a combination thereof. The apparatus of the eNB comprises circuitry to transmit the xMIB via a 5G physical broadcast channel (xPBCH) on a predefined resource, the xPBCH comprising a xPBCH. The xPBCH may use a DM-RS based transmission mode, and a beamformed xPBCH may be used for mid band and high band.

When the number of Spatial Block Coded (SBC) modulation symbols in a Physical Resource Block (PRB) is not divided evenly by the number of SBC antenna ports, an SBC coded modulation symbol of a group of SBC coded modulation symbols is repeated, where the same Resource Element (RE) location is repeated on all antennas. In some embodiments, the repeated symbol is adjacent to a modulation symbol of the group that is not repeated. In other embodiments, the repeated modulation symbol is in an adjacent subcarrier to the subcarrier that carries the modulation symbol that is repeated. RE groups with relatively larger numbers of non-zero modulation symbols on a given antenna port and PRB occupy different antenna ports in different PRBs.

A terminal device receives a DMRS and data from a network device. The DMRS and the data undergo Alamouti coding in space domain and frequency domain, or the DMRS and the data undergo Alamouti coding in space domain and time domain, and a DMRS obtained through the Alamouti coding is mapped to a first DMRS port and a second DMRS port. A modulation symbol of the first DMRS port is related to a modulation symbol of the second DMRS port. The terminal device demodulates the data based on the DMRS. Therefore, the DMRS corresponds to a transmission scheme of the data, to help the terminal device demodulate the data. This can reduce interference estimation complexity of the terminal device.

A bit interleaving method applying a bit permutation process to a QC LDPC codeword made up of N cyclic blocks of Q bits each, dividing the processed codeword into constellation words of M bits each, and applying an intra-cyclic-block permutation process to the cyclic blocks, where the codeword is divided into FN/M folding sections of M/F cyclic blocks each and the constellation words are each associated with one of the folding sections, and the bit permutation process is applied such that the constellation words are each made up of F bits from each of M/F different cyclic blocks in the associated section, after the permutation process.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a data transmission method and apparatus, and the method includes: modulating to-be-sent information bits according to a lower order constellation diagram, and generating 4m lower order modulation symbols; multiplying a precoding matrix Q by a column vector including every four lower order modulation symbols in the 4m lower order modulation symbols, to obtain 4m to-be-sent higher order modulation symbols corresponding to a higher order constellation diagram; and respectively and correspondingly sending the 4m to-be-sent higher order modulation symbols on different carriers of two antennas. The to-be-sent higher order modulation symbols include some or all to-be-sent information bits. Therefore, the same signal can be simultaneously sent on different carriers of multiple antennas, and frequency diversity and space diversity are implemented, so that transceiving performance of data transmission is improved.

A method of receiving a downlink control channel in a user equipment may include receiving, using two or more antenna ports, a shortened physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) transmitted using a space-frequency block code (SFBC), by using at least one shortened control channel element (SCCE) for shortened transmission time interval (STTI) transmission; and monitoring the shortened PDCCH. The at least one SCCE may include at least one shortened resource element group (REG) including a number of resource elements (REs), where the number is unequal to an integer multiple of the number of antenna ports allocated to the shortened PDCCH.

A base station maps code blocks of a transport block of a transport block size (TBS) for a channel using tone-level interleaving or resource element (RE)-level interleaving. Then, the base station can transmit the code blocks of the transport block of the TBS for the channel. A UE may receive the channel from the base station and de-interleave the received tones of the channel in a frequency domain to obtain the code blocks of the transport block having the TBS for the channel.

The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for transmitting control and training symbols to improve transmission efficiency in a multi-user wireless communication system. The method for transmitting the control and training symbols in the multi-user wireless communication system according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of: determining whether a required transmission rate of each data can be satisfied through channel estimation in each of terminals when different data are simultaneously transmitted to each of the terminals; and transmitting a data frame to each of the terminals, the data frame being composed to discriminate the control and training symbols in each of the terminals using a combination of time, frequency, and code area when the required transmission rate of each data is not satisfied according to the determined result.