A device includes a transmitter coupled to a node, where the node is to couple to a wired link. The transmitter has a plurality of modes of operation including a calibration mode in which a range of communication data rates over the wired link is determined in accordance with a voltage margin corresponding to the wired link at a predetermined error rate. The range of communication data rates includes a maximum data rate, which can be a non-integer multiple of an initial data rate.

A method of determining the presence of a loopback in one or more networks comprises storing information related to a test instance; sending a loopback detection beacon (LPDB) containing information related to the test instance from a port on an originating device; monitoring the port for a predetermined time period to detect LPDBs arriving at the port during the predetermined time period; and determining whether a detected LPDB contains information corresponding to the stored information, to detect the presence of a loopback. The method may determine whether a detected loopback is a port loopback, a tunnel loopback or a service loopback. The stored information related to the test instance may be deleted if an LPDB arriving at the port and containing information corresponding to the stored information is not detected within the predetermined time period.

A method and apparatus of a network element that keeps a port of the network element up in a split port configuration is described. In an exemplary embodiment, the network element receives an indication of a link loss on a receive interface of the port, wherein the port includes the receive interface and a transmit interface. In addition, the receive interface is coupled to a first device over a first link, and the transmit interface is coupled to a second device over a second link. Furthermore, the network element performs an operation of the port such that a link coupled to a transmit interface of the port remains up. The network element additionally suppresses receive faults that are received on the receive interface.

A method for testing a vehicle-to-X communication module by means of a diagnostic device as well as an associated vehicle-to-X communication module and an associated diagnostic device. During a test mode messages are exchanged between the vehicle-to-X communication module and the diagnostic device, and evaluated in order to detect errors.

Methods and systems for an optoelectronic built-in self-test (BIST) system for silicon photonics optical transceivers are disclosed and may include, in an optoelectronic transceiver having a transmit (Tx) path and a receive (Rx) path, where the Rx path includes a main Rx path and a BIST loopback path: generating a pseudo-random bit sequence (PRBS) signal, generating an optical signal in the Tx path by applying the PRBS signal to a modulator, communicating the optical signal to the BIST loopback path and converting to an electrical signal utilizing a photodetector, the photodetector being a replica of a photodetector in the main Rx path, and assessing the performance of the Tx and Rx paths by extracting a PRBS signal from the electrical signal. The transceiver may be a single complementary-metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) die or in two CMOS die, where a first comprises electronic devices and a second comprises optical devices.

Systems and methods for verifying compliance of a communication device with one or more requirement specifications is provided. In one exemplary embodiment, a method may be performed at a communication device for verifying compliance of the communication device with a requirement specification. Further, while a test loop is activated in the communication device, the method may include receiving, at a receiver of the communication device and on a downlink of a radio link, downlink data. In response to determining an occurrence of an event specific to verifying the compliance of the communication device with the requirement specification and used to control when the communication device transfers the received downlink data from the receiver to a transmitter of the communication device, the method may include transferring, from the receiver, to the transmitter, the received downlink data. Also, the method may include transmitting, from the transmitter on an uplink of the radio link, the received downlink data. The received downlink data transmitted on the uplink may be used to verify the compliance.

A modular PIM analyzer includes: a first signal amplification module provided with a first signal generator for generating a first frequency signal under control of a first MCU, and a first power amplifier for generating a first amplified frequency signal through the amplification of the first frequency signal under control of a first ALC circuit; a second signal amplification module provided with a second signal generator for generating a second frequency signal under control of a second MCU, and a second power amplifier for generating a second amplified frequency signal through the amplification of the second frequency signal under control of a second ALC circuit; and a triplexer module for extracting a test frequency signal using the first amplified frequency signal and the second amplified frequency signal, transmitting the test frequency signal to a device under test, and receiving a PIM signal being reflected from the device under test

A method of determining the presence of a loopback in one or more networks comprises storing information related to a test instance; sending a loopback detection beacon (LPDB) containing information related to the test instance from a port on an originating device; monitoring the port for a predetermined time period to detect LPDBs arriving at the port during the predetermined time period; and determining whether a detected LPDB contains information corresponding to the stored information, to detect the presence of a loopback. The method may determine whether a detected loopback is a port loopback, a tunnel loopback or a service loopback. The stored information related to the test instance may be deleted if an LPDB arriving at the port and containing information corresponding to the stored information is not detected within the predetermined time period.

A modular PIM analyzer includes: a first signal amplification module provided with a first signal generator for generating a first frequency signal under control of a first MCU, and a first power amplifier for generating a first amplified frequency signal through the amplification of the first frequency signal under control of a first ALC circuit; a second signal amplification module provided with a second signal generator for generating a second frequency signal under control of a second MCU, and a second power amplifier for generating a second amplified frequency signal through the amplification of the second frequency signal under control of a second ALC circuit; and a triplexer module for extracting a test frequency signal using the first amplified frequency signal and the second amplified frequency signal, transmitting the test frequency signal to a device under test, and receiving a PIM signal being reflected from the device under test.

Apparatus and methods for front-end systems with reactive loopback are provided. In certain configurations, a front-end system includes a transmit port that receives a transmit signal, an antenna port, a receive port, and an antenna switch connected along a transmit path between the transmit port and the antenna port. The front-end system further includes a loopback circuit including a reactive loopback impedance and a back switch electrically connected in series in a loopback path between the transmit port and the receive port. The loopback circuit provides a portion of the transmit signal to the receive port when the back switch is activated. Using reactive loopback impedance in the loopback circuit reduces an insertion loss of the transmit path relative to a configuration using resistive loopback impedance.