An operation method of a communication node in a vehicle network may comprise performing a transition of an operation mode of the communication node from a sleep mode to a normal mode when a predetermined event is detected; transmitting a wake-up signal when the operation mode transitions from the sleep mode to the normal mode; generating a network management (NM) message including information indicating a wake-up reason corresponding to the wake-up signal; and transmitting the NM message.

This application provides a method and an apparatus for determining a port orientation. The method includes: A first network device receives, through a first port, a protocol data unit PDU sent by a second network device. The first network device determines, based on the PDU, that the first port is an upstream port or a downstream port. In this embodiment of this application, the first network device may determine, based on the PDU sent by the second network device, whether the first port is the upstream port or the downstream port, to provide a basis for subsequently helping an SDN controller reduce load.

In a communication device, a frame received via a port on the reception side is transmitted via a port on the transmission side. A first detector detects linkup of a port on the transmission side. When linkup is detected, a second detector detects a state closer to an overflow of a transmission buffer that accumulates a frame to be transmitted via the port on the transmission side. When a state closer to an overflow is detected, a control unit executes flow control via a port on the reception side when no transmission failure is detected in the port on the transmission side, and the control unit determines non-execution of flow control via the port on the reception side when a transmission failure is detected in the port on the transmission side.

Systems and methods for implementing power management features while providing a wireless asymmetric network are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a system includes a hub having a wireless control device that is configured to control communications and power consumption in the wireless asymmetric network architecture and sensor nodes each having at least one sensor and a wireless device with a transmitter and a receiver to enable bi-directional communications with the wireless control device of the hub. The wireless control device is configured to determine a scheduled timing of operating each sensor node during a first time period that is close in time with respect to a transmit window of the transmitter and during a second time period that is close in time with respect to a receive window of the receiver for each wireless device to reduce power consumption of the wireless devices of the sensor nodes.

A switching device including a first interface for contacting a media-independent interface of a first physical interface unit, and a second interface for contacting a media-independent interface of a second physical interface unit. The switching device is designed to couple the first interface to the second interface.

A communication system includes a connection module, a processing module, and K nodes. The connection module is configured to connect the processing module and the K nodes. The processing module includes L communication units, where each of the L communication units corresponds to one node, the L communication units include a first communication unit, and the K nodes include a first node. The first communication unit is configured to process a packet of the first node that corresponds to the first communication unit.

An operation method of a first communication node supporting communications between an Ethernet-based network and a controller area network (CAN) includes: receiving an Ethernet message from a second communication node belonging to the Ethernet-based network; performing an integrity verification on first automotive safety integrity level (ASIL) authentication information included in the Ethernet message; generating a CAN message based on the Ethernet message for which the integrity verification has been completed; and transmitting the CAN message to a third communication node belonging to the CAN.

A server system may include a plurality of internal hubs communicatively coupled to a plurality of server nodes. The plurality of internal hubs may communicate with an external hub to transmit broadcast traffic to reach a designated server node. A hub controller, a routing device coupled to the plurality of internal hubs, may select an internal hub from among a plurality of internal hubs based on a link status and a set of hub selection rules. Based on a status of active link and a relative priority of internal hubs, an internal hub is selected as a transmission channel to receive broadcast traffic from the external hub and direct the broadcast traffic to a corresponding server node.

An oil field process control system including a field versatile control gateway component that interfaces with a plurality of field devices using a broad range of hardwired and wireless protocols, offering in-the-field monitoring and control of each of the field devices and communicates with a remote central control room, exchanging data between the control room and the field using a multiplexed protocol that offers high data speeds and bandwidth, enabling a significant reduction of the amount of wiring, and conduits and other infrastructure expenses that would otherwise be incurred for such a highly reliable communications system.

A Wavelength Adaptation Module and a method therein for adapting an Optical Time Domain Reflectometry, OTDR, signal for supervision of Optical Network Terminals, ONTs, in a Passive Optical Network, PON, are provided. The wavelength of the OTDR signal is adapted to have a selected wavelength to enable a splitter in a remote node to forward the OTDR signal to a dedicated group of ONTs in the PON, thereby supervising the fiber links between the remote node and the dedicated group of ONTs. Likewise, a remote node and a method therein for receiving an OTDR signal having a pre-selected wavelength from the Wavelength Adaptation Module and for outputting the OTDR signal to a dedicated group of ONTs with regards to the pre-selected wavelength of the received OTDR signal are provided.