A network system is connected to a first physical network comprising: a first data transmission node that transmits data used for a first service and a second data transmission node that transmits data used for a second service and to a second physical network including at least one apparatus for receiving data from the first and the second data transmission nodes, and constructs a virtual network for each service between the first and the second physical networks.

A container having a battery and one or more active systems for maintaining temperature or other characteristics of goods stored within the container relies on a battery to maintain those active systems during transit. The size of the battery required for such applications may be reduced by providing access to external power during a shipment cycle. For example, shelves within transit vehicles or warehouses can supply electricity to the active systems via a wireless or wired connection, or they may recharge the container's battery, or both. The container may also have data bridging capabilities that use short range wireless technology to communicate with nearby devices that have access to other data streams, such as GPS data and internet connectivity. When bridged with a provider, the container may have access to new data streams, or may be able to disable internal devices providing those same data streams to conserve power.

A container having a battery and one or more active systems for maintaining temperature or other characteristics of goods stored within the container relies on a battery to maintain those active systems during transit. The size of the battery required for such applications may be reduced by providing access to external power during a shipment cycle. For example, shelves within transit vehicles or warehouses can supply electricity to the active systems via a wireless or wired connection, or they may recharge the container's battery, or both. The container may also have data bridging capabilities that use short range wireless technology to communicate with nearby devices that have access to other data streams, such as GPS data and internet connectivity. When bridged with a provider, the container may have access to new data streams, or may be able to disable internal devices providing those same data streams to conserve power.

One aspect of the disclosure relates to a method in a user equipment for instructing establishment of a connection between a first local device and a second local device, the user equipment being connected to a public network, wherein an intermediary system is configured to connect to a first local network, to a second local network and to the public network. A virtual view is generated and, upon receiving a selection of a representation in the view, connectivity information is obtained regarding the communication path between the first local device and the second local device. An ability for user to instruct establishment of communication path in dependence of the connectivity information.

A distributed radio frequency communication system facilitates communication between a wireless terminal and a core network. The system includes a remote radio unit (RRU) coupled to at least one antenna to communicate with the wireless terminal. The RRU includes electronic circuitry to perform at least a first portion of a first-level protocol of a radio access network (RAN) for communicating between the wireless terminal and the core network. The system also includes a baseband unit (BBU) coupled to the core network, and configured to perform at least a second-level protocol of the RAN. A fronthaul link is coupled to the BBU and the RRU. The fronthaul link utilizes an adaptive fronthaul protocol for communication between the BBU and the RRU. The adaptive fronthaul protocol has provisions for adapting to conditions of the fronthaul link and radio network by changing the way data is communicated over the fronthaul link.

A first network device includes a processor configured to analyze a data stream entering a network on which the first network device is located to obtain a traffic characteristic of a target data stream, and advertise a Flow Specification (FlowSpec) route, where the FlowSpec route carries redirect indication information, the redirect indication information includes identification information, the identification information is used to uniquely identify a first virtual private network (VPN) instance in a second network device, the redirect indication information instructing to redirect the data stream including the traffic characteristic of the target data stream to the first VPN instance, the second network device is an edge device of a service provider network accessed by the network, and the first VPN instance is a target VPN instance to which the target data stream is redirected in the second network device.

A vehicle-mounted relay device for relaying Ethernet frames includes a plurality of PHY units corresponding to a plurality of vehicle-mounted devices, a switch unit to which the plurality of PHY units are connected, and a control unit configured to monitor operating states of the plurality of PHY units. The plurality of PHY units include a predetermined PHY unit whose operating state switches between a sleep state and an active state in response to reception of a predetermined control signal that differs from the Ethernet frames. When an Ethernet frame to be transmitted from the predetermined PHY unit has been detected during a period where the predetermined PHY unit is in the sleep state, the control unit executes switching control to switch the predetermined PHY unit to the active state.

This application provides a packet transmission method, a correspondence obtaining method, and an apparatus and a system that are related to the foregoing method. For the packet transmission method, a first PE receives a first BIER packet sent by a first CE, determines, based on the received first BIER packet, a first VPN to which the first CE belongs, and transmits the first BIER packet based on the first VPN.

An apparatus is provided for control of a plurality of forwarding switches using a network controller. The network controller executes a routing configuration application that analyzes interconnections between the forwarding switches to identify a topology of the network, determine label switched paths (LSPs) between the forwarding switches, and transmits the next hop routes to the forwarding switches. The forwarding switches use the next hop routes to route packets through the network according to a multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) protocol. Each LSP includes one or more next hop routes defining a forwarding address associated with one forwarding switch to an adjacent forwarding switch.

The communication device of the embodiments is a communication device which, in a communication system having a management apparatus for acquiring device information on a device to be managed, transmits the device information to the management apparatus. The communication device includes a device information classifier and a unique information transmitter. The device information classifier classifies the device information into common information which is device information essential to the device related to the communication device and unique information which is device information unique to the device related to the communication device. The unique information transmitter transmits the unique information classified by the device information classifier to the management apparatus when there is a request from the management apparatus.