Provided is a method of blindly estimating WCDMA OVSF of a signal analyzer, which includes: (a) setting SF to 512 and an index thereof to 0; (b) calculating a power average value of a symbol obtained by despreading descrambled data with an OVSF code set by increasing the index from ‘0’ by ‘1’; (c) determining an OVSF code by which the power average value is equal to or greater than a power reference value as a used OVSF code candidate and determining an OVSF code by which the power average value is less than the power reference value as an unused OVSF code; (d) comparing a zero crossing rate of a symbol with a reference value to determine whether the OVSF code candidate is the used OVSF code; and (e) repeating (b) to (d) while reducing the SF half by half until the SF is equal to 4.

A method includes determining the number of CCEs for channel estimation and the number of times of blind-decoding related to multiple search space sets that the terminal needs to monitor during one slot, when the determined number of times of the blind-decoding exceeds a blind-decoding limit or the determined number of the CCEs exceeds a channel estimation limit, dropping at least one PDCCH candidate among PDCCH candidates in the multiple search space sets, and attempting to detect a PDCCH signal based on the remaining PDCCH candidates which have not been dropped. The terminal switches between the multiple search space sets in a round-robin scheme while dropping the PDCCH candidate until both the blind-decoding limit and the channel estimation limit are reached. The terminal is capable of communicating with at least one of another terminal, a terminal related to an autonomous driving vehicle, a base station or a network.

Provided are a threshold value determination method and apparatus, a resource determination method and apparatus, a network device and a storage medium. The threshold value determination method includes: a first threshold value is determined according to a preset rule, where the first threshold value is a threshold value of each span in a span pattern. The resource determination method includes: a resource that should be reserved or dropped is determined by utilizing a threshold value of a span; where the resource includes a candidate set, or all candidate sets within a search space, or all candidate sets of the search space within a current span, or candidate sets of all search spaces within the span.

In one aspect, an apparatus includes: a fast Fourier transform (FFT) engine to receive and convert a plurality of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) samples into a plurality of frequency carriers; a detector coupled to the FFT engine to determine a channel estimate for a first frequency carrier using a first channel estimate for the first frequency carrier and a plurality of other channel estimates, each of the plurality of other channel estimates for one of a plurality of neighboring frequency carriers within an evaluation window, and determine a log likelihood ratio (LLR) for the first frequency carrier using the channel estimate for the first frequency carrier; and a decoder coupled to the detector to decode a first OFDM symbol comprising the first frequency carrier using the LLR for the first frequency carrier.

In one aspect, an apparatus includes: a fast Fourier transform (FFT) engine to receive and convert a plurality of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) samples into a plurality of frequency carriers; a detector coupled to the FFT engine to determine a channel estimate for a first frequency carrier using a first channel estimate for the first frequency carrier and a plurality of other channel estimates, each of the plurality of other channel estimates for one of a plurality of neighboring frequency carriers within an evaluation window, and determine a log likelihood ratio (LLR) for the first frequency carrier using the channel estimate for the first frequency carrier; and a decoder coupled to the detector to decode a first OFDM symbol comprising the first frequency carrier using the LLR for the first frequency carrier.

Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide for use of a linear chirp signal as a basis for a sensing signal. Modification of the linear chirp signal by a signature function can allow a receiver of the sensing signal to determine an identity for a source of the sensing signal. Accordingly, upon processing the received sensing signal to obtain path parameter estimates, the receiver can direct a transmission of an indication of the path parameter estimates to the source of the sensing signal. Aspects of the present application relate to performing multi-node, multi-path channel estimation on the basis of processing the received sensing signal. Conveniently, the processing is performed with low complexity.

The present disclosure provides a downlink control channel detection method, a terminal, and a Base Station (BS). The method includes: obtaining first and second auxiliary information from a BS, in which the first auxiliary information indicates a time-domain duration of a Control Resource Set (CORESET) of a downlink control channel, which is allocated by the BS, the second auxiliary information indicates a resource mapping mode from a Resource Element Group (REG) of CORESET to Control Channel Elements (CCE); performing a blind detection on the downlink control channel, based on the first and second auxiliary information.

Techniques discussed herein can facilitate transmission and reception of group common PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel) for NR (New Radio). One example embodiment employable by a UE (User Equipment) comprises processing circuitry configured to: process higher layer signaling that configures a set of combinations for slot formats for the UE; detect, via blind decoding on at least a portion of a control resource set, a DCI (Downlink Control Information) message that indicates a combination for slot formats of the set of combinations for slot formats via a SFI (slot format indicator); and determine a slot format for one or more slots based on the indicated combination for slot formats, wherein the slot format indicates, for each symbol of the one or more slots, whether that symbol is DL (Downlink), UL (Uplink), or a flexible symbol in the slot format.

Techniques for blind distributed multi-user MIMO enable simultaneous decoding of multiple concurrent wireless transmissions without the need for coordination between wireless devices or a measurement phase. Wireless devices are permitted to transmit independently and at arbitrary times. Concurrent transmissions from wireless devices superimpose in the wireless channel and are received at various base stations. The base stations forward received data samples to a central entity (e.g., a cloud computing service), which uses known preambles to reliably estimate CFOs and channels between the transmitting devices and the receiving base stations while simultaneously recovering the data samples of the individual data streams.

A two stage DCI (downlink control information) scheme is provided in which a first DCI is transmitted by a network device in a first physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), and the first DCI including at least one field indicating presence information of a second DCI in a second PDCCH. A user equipment receives the first DCI using blind detection, and using the presence information, can also obtain the second DCI without needing to perform further blind detection.