The present invention relates to a frequency offset estimation method for average consensus-based clock synchronization, and belongs to the technical field of wireless sensor networks. According to the method, in combination with distributed one-way broadcast characteristics, solving of maximum likelihood estimation is converted into a linear optimization problem, and a relative frequency offset estimation value is obtained by adopting an iterative method. By applying the estimation value to the compensation of logic clock parameter between nodes, an effect of keeping logic clocks of network nodes consistent can be achieved. According to the present invention, distribution characteristics of communication time delay are fully considered, accurate relative frequency offset estimation can be implemented, so the synchronization precision of average consensus-based clock synchronization is effectively improved, the maximum likelihood estimation solving is performed by adopting the iterative method, an estimation algorithm is simplified, and storage overhead is reduced.

A method and system include a symbol processing block to generate log likelihood ratios (LLRs) associated with one or more data symbols. The method and system include a channel estimation (CE) module to receive the LLRs from the symbol processing block, and to process iterative CE (ItCE) for new radio (NR) based at least on reference signals and the LLRs. The CE module can process the ItCE with a granularity of one or more resource blocks (RBs) based at least on pilot resource elements (REs) and virtual pilot REs obtained from the LLRs. The CE module can process the ItCE based at least on a frequency domain orthogonal cover codes (FD-OCC) structure of the reference signals. The reference signals can be demodulation reference signals (DMRS) configured in 5G NR. The CE module can process the ItCE by updating a CE result by adding a quantity that represents a contribution obtained from virtual pilot REs.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A first wireless device (e.g., a network entity) may obtain, from multiple second wireless devices (e.g., user equipments (UEs)), multiple message segments via multiple slots. The first wireless device may assign each obtained message segment to a respective channel estimate cluster of multiple channel estimate clusters. A first set of the multiple message segments may be associated with a first channel estimate cluster, and may collectively form a first message. The first message may be associated with a second wireless device of the multiple second wireless devices. The first wireless device may decode the first message. In some examples, the first wireless device may decode a second message associated with a second channel estimate cluster of a second set of multiple message segments.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a network node may transmit a nonlinear modeling capability indication associated with a nonlinear modeling configuration of the network node. The network node may receive, based on the nonlinear modeling capability indication, a communication in a slot, wherein the communication includes a data signal and at least one demodulation reference signal (DMRS), wherein the at least one DMRS is associated with a single transmission power value. Numerous other aspects are described.

Certain aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in a method for wireless communication. The method generally includes generating a resource element group (REG) bundle for channel estimation, the REG bundle having a plurality of REGs to be transmitted in a plurality of monitoring occasions; and transmitting, to a user equipment (UE), the REG bundle using the plurality of monitoring occasions.

A communication method, for a receiver, including receiving a received signal, and obtaining information of an original signal according to the received signal. A transmitter obtains a transmitted signal according to the original signal. The transmitter sends the transmitted signal. The transmitted signal is changed to the received signal after passing through a channel. The transmitted signal and the received signal are correlated using a structural causal model. A number of a plurality of causal variables of a causal graph of the structural causal model and a causal structure of a causal graph of the structural causal model are determined together.

A communication frame for an OTFS transmission system includes first-type and second-type blocks. The first-type block includes pilot signals, guard signals, and data signals, the second-type block exclusively includes data signals. The pilot symbols, guard signals, and data symbols of the first-type block, and the data symbols of the second-type block, are arranged along the points of a grid in the delay-Doppler domain. In the communication frame, a first-type block is followed by a second-type block, and a second-type block is followed by a first-type block. In the first-type block at least one pilot symbol is surrounded on at least three sides by one or more guard symbols. Points of the grid of the first-type blocks in the delay-Doppler domain that are not occupied by pilot symbols or guard symbols are used for data symbols. The communication frame permits determining oscillator frequency offset and channel coefficients in a receiver.

A communication frame for an OTFS transmission system includes first-type and second-type blocks. The first-type block includes pilot signals, guard signals, and data signals, the second-type block exclusively includes data signals. The pilot symbols, guard signals, and data symbols of the first-type block, and the data symbols of the second-type block, are arranged along the points of a grid in the delay-Doppler domain. In the communication frame, a first-type block is followed by a second-type block, and a second-type block is followed by a first-type block. In the first-type block at least one pilot symbol is surrounded on at least three sides by one or more guard symbols. Points of the grid of the first-type blocks in the delay-Doppler domain that are not occupied by pilot symbols or guard symbols are used for data symbols. The communication frame permits determining oscillator frequency offset and channel coefficients in a receiver.

Provided are a downlink channel state information estimation method and apparatus, a device, and a storage medium. The downlink channel state information estimation method includes sending a downlink radio frame carrying channel sounding information; receiving an uplink radio frame carrying a first downlink channel state information data set; acquiring an uplink channel state information data set; and determining a second downlink channel state information data set.

A method and system include a symbol processing block to generate log likelihood ratios (LLRs) associated with one or more data symbols. The method and system include a channel estimation (CE) module to receive the LLRs from the symbol processing block, and to process iterative CE (ItCE) for new radio (NR) based at least on reference signals and the LLRs. The CE module can process the ItCE with a granularity of one or more resource blocks (RBs) based at least on pilot resource elements (REs) and virtual pilot REs obtained from the LLRs. The CE module can process the ItCE based at least on a frequency domain orthogonal cover codes (FD-OCC) structure of the reference signals. The reference signals can be demodulation reference signals (DMRS) configured in 5G NR. The CE module can process the ItCE by updating a CE result by adding a quantity that represents a contribution obtained from virtual pilot REs.