A communication device communicates a radio frame including a preamble and a data field of a physical layer (PHY). The preamble includes an L-STF (Legacy Short Training Field), an L-LTF (Legacy Long Training Field), an L-SIG (Legacy Signal Field), an EHT-SIG-A (Extremely High Throughput Signal A Field), an EHT-STF, and an EHT-LTF, and the EHT-SIG-A includes a field indicating a standard that the radio frame complies with.

Enhanced phase-noise mitigation is possible at low-to-no cost. Communication at the high frequencies envisioned for late 5G and 6G will require much better phase-noise control than current frequency bands, because the tight margins will result in excessive phase faults and greatly reduced throughput. The disclosed examples show how to use two modulation schemes to provide the best phase margins at the final step. For example, the message can be initially modulated in classical amplitude-phase modulation as transmitted, but is received and processed using convenient QAM orthogonal components. Then the receiver can convert the results back to the amplitude-phase modulation scheme analytically, and can finally demodulate using calibrated amplitude and phase levels derived from a proximate demodulation reference. Since the amplitude-phase modulation scheme provides substantially larger phase margins than QAM with the same information content, substantially higher frequencies can be accessed while retaining high reliability.

A receiver may include a first filter configured to generate a first estimation of a symbol of a received signal and a second filter configured to generate a second estimation of the symbol of the received signal. The receiver may also include a decoder configured to decode the symbol using one of the first estimation and the second estimation and a decision circuit configured to select one of the first estimation and the second estimation to provide to the decoder for decoding of the symbol based on a comparison of the first estimation to an estimation threshold.

A pilot reception processing method includes: determining a first position of a pilot pattern corresponding to a pilot in a delay-Doppler domain; and determining first indication information according to the first position.

A feed forward equalizer including a first set of filter taps having a first set of filter tap coefficients to be adapted and a second set of one or more filter taps having one or more filter tap coefficients to be constrained. The feed forward equalizer includes an adaptation component to determine a set of adapted filter tap coefficient values corresponding to the first set of filter tap coefficients and a constraint function component to determine a constrained filter tap coefficient value for the second set of the one or more filter taps having the one or more filter tap coefficients to be constrained using a constraint function based on at least a portion of the set of adapted filter tap coefficient values. The feed forward equalizer generates, based at least in part on the constrained filter tap coefficient value, an equalized signal including a set of estimated symbol values.

A method for determining an inverse impulse response of a communication channel by means of a PAM receiver comprises the following method steps: switching on the PAM receiver; if a second PAM transceiver is switched on, setting a difference between a clock frequency of the data signal and a sampling frequency of the first PAM transceiver; comparing a symbol that is output by the interpreter with a state that is supplied to the interpreter, and outputting an error value, wherein in each case a symbol associated with a sampling clock is compared with a state associated with the same sampling clock; adapting m filter coefficients of the equalizer to minimize error values; repeating the third method step and the fourth method step until an error limit value is reached.

An integrated receiver supports adaptive receive equalization. An incoming bit stream is sampled using edge and data clock signals derived from a reference clock signal. A phase detector determines whether the edge and data clock signals are in phase with the incoming data, while some clock recovery circuitry adjusts the edge and data clock signals as required to match their phases to the incoming data. The receiver employs the edge and data samples used to recover the edge and data clock signals to note the locations of zero crossings for one or more selected data patterns. The pattern or patterns may be selected from among those apt to produce the greatest timing error. Equalization settings may then be adjusted to align the zero crossings of the selected data patterns with the recovered edge clock signal.

Systems, methods, and devices reduce and mitigate spurs that may occur in transmit waveforms of wireless communications devices. Methods include receiving a plurality of samples of a baseband transmission and generating, using a processing device, an estimated amplitude and an estimated phase of a spur component of the baseband transmission based on the received plurality of samples, the spur component being a spectral spike in a transmit waveform. Methods further include generating, using the processing device, a canceling signal configured to cancel the estimated amplitude and estimated phase of the spur component, and canceling the spur component of the baseband transmission by combining the canceling signal with a transmission of at least a portion of a data packet.

An apparatus performs a discrete Fourier transform process on M×N received signal components included in a received signal, by a unit of N received signal components; and estimates an estimated signal containing M×N estimated signal components, which are estimated values of M×N transmission signal components, on the basis of the received signal on which the discrete Fourier transform process is performed. When the estimated signal xe is newly estimated, the apparatus performs an exclusion operation of excluding an estimated value xe.sup.(k) of the M transmission signal components that constitute a k-th transmission signal group from the estimated signal xe newly estimated, and updates the estimated value xe.sup.(k) based on an intermediate signal xt.sup.(k) obtained by the exclusion operation and the received signal, thereby re-estimating the estimated signal xe.

Disclosed is a method of producing an output signal from a signal generator, comprising: determining a driving input to the signal generator, the driving input for driving the signal generator to provide a predetermined output signal, wherein the output signal includes at least one frame, the at least one frame comprising an active period and a dummy period and wherein the active period and dummy period are determined by the driving input. Also disclosed is a method of producing an output signal from a signal generator, comprising: receiving a synchronisation signal; obtaining an input signal for controlling the signal generator to generate an output signal comprising at least one frame wherein the at least one frame comprises at least one active period and at least one dummy period; producing the output signal comprising a series of frames; and, synchronising the output signal with the synchronisation signal by varying a duration of the at least one of the dummy period or active period.