A method is provided for calibrating a device under calibration (DUC) for optimizing performance of the DUC. The method includes receiving stimulus signal characteristics of a stimulus signal to be generated by the signal generator, including modulation type and duty cycle, where the stimulus signal characteristics are within a normal operating range of the DUC; receiving average output power set points and RF carrier frequencies of a DUC output signal; outputting the stimulus signal characteristics to a signal generator for generating the stimulus signal; iteratively performing an optimization process, using DUC calibration parameters that are simultaneously adjusted between consecutive iterations of the optimization process, to determine corresponding error functions based on measured power supply currents, output powers and linearities of the DUC output signal for the consecutive iterations, respectively, until a difference between consecutive error function values reaches a specified minimum; and using values of the calibration parameters corresponding to a last iteration.

A system comprising: a host device comprising at least, an electrical interface configured for connection to a powerline; a first releasable interface; a powerline communication module for transmitting and receiving information over the powerline; an intelligent module comprising at least, a second releasable interface interconnected to the first releasable interface; a digital processor; memory operatively connected to the processor and configured with instructions for causing the processor to receive and transmit information over the powerline through the powerline communication module.

An encoding modulation method and transmitter are described. The method includes: oversampling and noise-shaping received multi-bit data to obtain N bits of data; using the N bits of data as a lookup table address to obtain a PWM puke modulation signal; multiplexing synthetic orthogonal (IQ) complex data of the PWM pulse modulation signal to be real number signal data; and converting the multiplexed real number signal data to an analog signal for power amplification and output, N being an integer representing a smaller number of bits than the received multi-bit data.

Methods and apparatus are disclosed for data packetizing in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. In order to improve transmission efficiency, the present invention uses independent packet and OFDDM block boundaries. Therefore, a packet is allowed to go across the OFDM block boundary and packed into two OFDM blocks. To indicate the start of each packet, a Frame Delimiter (FD) with a predefined format is inserted in front of each packet. The predefined format of the FD can be a predefined bit pattern or modulation points of modulation constellation. Idle data can also be inserted into OFDM blocks when no packet is ready. When data of one or more packets and idle data contain the predefined bit pattern of the FD, the data are modified to avoid generating the pre-defined bit pattern.

Methods and apparatus are disclosed for data packetizing in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. In order to improve transmission efficiency, the present invention uses independent packet and OFDDM block boundaries. Therefore, a packet is allowed to go across the OFDM block boundary and packed into two OFDM blocks. To indicate the start of each packet, a Frame Delimiter (FD) with a predefined format is inserted in front of each packet. The predefined format of the FD can be a predefined bit pattern or modulation points of modulation constellation. Idle data can also be inserted into OFDM blocks when no packet is ready. When data of one or more packets and idle data contain the predefined bit pattern of the FD, the data are modified to avoid generating the pre-defined bit pattern.

A communication link comprising: a first transceiver configured to transmit a first set of packets at a predetermined rate with a first error resistance level, store the transmitted data in a buffer, receive a retransmission request, and retransmit the relevant data using one or more packets encoded with a second error resistance level that is higher than the first error resistance level. And a second transceiver configured to receive the first set of packets, detect an erroneous packet, request retransmission of the erroneous packet, and forward the data received in the packets according to its original order approximately after a fixed delay.

A packet position modulation system includes a node configured to transmit a plurality of packets at corresponding time intervals. The node is configured to adjust, for at least one packet of the plurality of packets, the corresponding time interval to transmit the at least one packet. The system includes a base station configured to receive the plurality of packets from the node at corresponding time intervals, determine a difference between a previous time that a previous packet of the plurality of packets was received and a present time that a present packet of the plurality of packets was received, and recover coded data from the present packet based on the difference.

There is provided a method for processing a set of input symbols. The method is performed by a transmitter. The method comprises acquiring a set of input symbols. The method comprises generating a set of precoded symbols from the set of input symbols by subjecting the set of input symbols to a coding vector. The method comprises generating a transmission signal comprising a sequence of pulse forms from the set of precoded symbols by pulse shaping the set of precoded symbols. The coding vector is based on a model vector modelling intersymbol interference experienced by the pulse forms.

A communication device includes: a plurality of sensors, each of which includes at least one sensor element that detects information relating to a single detection target and an output circuit that generates an output signal based on a detection signal of the sensor element and transmits the output signal; and a controller that acquires the output signal. One of the sensors transmits the output signal to the controller at an output timing that is shifted, by a predetermined period shorter than a length of one period of the output signal, from another output timing when another one of the sensors transmits the output signal.

A communication device includes: a plurality of sensors, each of which includes at least one sensor element that detects information relating to a single detection target and an output circuit that generates an output signal based on a detection signal of the sensor element and transmits the output signal; and a controller that acquires the output signal. One of the sensors transmits the output signal to the controller at an output timing that is shifted, by a predetermined period shorter than a length of one period of the output signal, from another output timing when another one of the sensors transmits the output signal.