Disclosed are short-form demodulation reference signals configured to indicate certain modulation levels of a modulation scheme, from which a receiver can measure phase noise and amplitude noise in 5G/6G. A key feature of short-form demodulation references is resource efficiency. Examples include a demodulation reference occupying just one resource element, while providing the information needed to determine all of the modulation states of the modulation scheme, as well as the current noise factors. In one embodiment, the short-form demodulation reference may include two component signals with orthogonal phase, both being amplitude modulated by the transmitter according to a maximum amplitude level. The receiver can determine the phase noise from a ratio of the two received signal amplitudes, and the amplitude noise from the magnitude of the received waveform, thereby mitigating both amplitude noise and phase noise. The short-form demodulation reference can be added to each message for real-time noise mitigation.

Disclosed are short-form demodulation reference signals configured to indicate certain modulation levels of a modulation scheme, from which a receiver can measure phase noise and amplitude noise in 5G/6G. A key feature of short-form demodulation references is resource efficiency. Examples include a demodulation reference occupying just one resource element, while providing the information needed to determine all of the modulation states of the modulation scheme, as well as the current noise factors. In one embodiment, the short-form demodulation reference may include two component signals with orthogonal phase, both being amplitude modulated by the transmitter according to a maximum amplitude level. The receiver can determine the phase noise from a ratio of the two received signal amplitudes, and the amplitude noise from the magnitude of the received waveform, thereby mitigating both amplitude noise and phase noise. The short-form demodulation reference can be added to each message for real-time noise mitigation.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A communication device, such as a user equipment (UE) may receive a set of demodulation reference signal (DMRS) samples including a first subset of DMRS samples associated with a first power level and a second subset of DMRS samples associated with a second power level. The UE may perform a digital post distortion operation based on the first subset of DMRS samples associated with the first power level and the second subset of DMRS samples associated with the second power level. The UE may receive the wireless communication based on performing the digital post distortion operation.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A communication device, such as a user equipment (UE) may receive a set of demodulation reference signal (DMRS) samples including a first subset of DMRS samples associated with a first power level and a second subset of DMRS samples associated with a second power level. The UE may perform a digital post distortion operation based on the first subset of DMRS samples associated with the first power level and the second subset of DMRS samples associated with the second power level. The UE may receive the wireless communication based on performing the digital post distortion operation.

A storage system has a memory with memory cells that can store a non-power-of-two number of states. A map is used to distribute data bits in the memory. The map can be a modified version of a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) map. The mapping can be done by a controller in the storage system or by the memory die. Performing the mapping in the memory die can reduce data traffic between the controller and the memory die, which can provide an improvement to performance and power consumption.

An IQ generator capable of consuming lower power and occupying smaller die area. The IQ generator is configured without any synthesizer and divide-by-2 circuitry. The IQ generator may be configured to convert one or more phase outputs of a test tone generator (TTG) into I and Q signals. The IQ generator may receive as inputs differential outputs of a single phase of a TTG and/or multiple phase outputs of a TTG. The IQ generator may include one or more delay paths configured to generate the I and Q signals, and a calibration circuitry configured to compare the average pulse widths of the I and Q signals and provide one or more control signals to the one or more delay paths such that the I and Q signals are orthogonal in phase.

The present disclosure describes the generation of long sequences from short sequences to support concurrent transmissions of large numbers of machine-type communication devices operating in a wireless communication system. These long sequences may be assigned to devices so that the devices can use the long sequences scramble their transmissions. The use of such long sequences permits many machine-type communication devices to transmit during the same time and frequency resource.

A method of pre-compensating for transmitter in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) mismatch (IQMM) may include sending a signal through an up-converter of a transmit path to provide an up-converted signal, determining the up-converted signal, determining one or more IQMM parameters for the transmit path based on the determined up-converted signal, and determining one or more pre-compensation parameters for the transmit path based on the one or more IQMM parameters for the transmit path. In some embodiments, the up-converted signal may be determined through a receive feedback path. In some embodiments, the up-converted signal may be determined through an envelope detector.

A transmission method includes mapping processing, phase change processing, and transmission processing. In the mapping processing, a plurality of first modulation signals and a plurality of second modulation signals are generated using a first mapping scheme, and a plurality of third modulation signals and a plurality of fourth modulation signals are generated using a second mapping scheme. In the phase change processing, a phase change is performed on the plurality of second modulation signals and the plurality of fourth modulation signals using all N kinds of phases. In the transmission processing, the first modulation signals and the second modulation signals are respectively transmitted at a same frequency and a same time from different antennas, and the third modulation signals and the fourth modulation signals are respectively transmitted at a same frequency and a same time from the different antennas.

A transmission method includes mapping processing, phase change processing, and transmission processing. In the mapping processing, a plurality of first modulation signals and a plurality of second modulation signals are generated using a first mapping scheme, and a plurality of third modulation signals and a plurality of fourth modulation signals are generated using a second mapping scheme. In the phase change processing, a phase change is performed on the plurality of second modulation signals and the plurality of fourth modulation signals using all N kinds of phases. In the transmission processing, the first modulation signals and the second modulation signals are respectively transmitted at a same frequency and a same time from different antennas, and the third modulation signals and the fourth modulation signals are respectively transmitted at a same frequency and a same time from the different antennas.