Packet transmission rate and packet drop rate for discrete network devices in a network are used to estimate end-to-end traffic demand and loss in the network. Data regarding the packet transmission rate and drop rate are passively collected for each network device and transmitted to a network monitoring unit. The network monitoring unit compiles the data and generates a series of simultaneous equations that represent traffic demand and loss between the discrete network devices along the paths connecting respective source-destination pairs. By determining an optimal solution to the simultaneous equations, an estimate of end-to-end traffic loss and corresponding traffic demand, which takes into account packet loss at each network device, can be generated for each source-destination pair. The optimal solution can be formed as a traffic matrix, which aggregates source-to-destination traffic demands, and a loss matrix, which aggregates source-to-destination traffic losses.

Methods and apparatus to adjust media impressions based on media impression notification loss rates in network communications are disclosed. An example method includes determining a first network media impression adjustment factor based on a quantity of lost test media impression notifications for a first network in a geographic region; determining an adjusted quantity of first network user-accessed media impression notifications for the first network by applying the first network media impression adjustment factor to a quantity of successfully received user-accessed media impression notifications to generate a product and weighting the product based on a market share of first subscribers corresponding to the first network in the geographic region; and storing the weighted adjusted quantity of the user-accessed media impression notifications in association with a media identifier to credit corresponding media with a quantity of media accesses corresponding to the weighted adjusted quantity of the user-accessed media impression notifications.

Methods and apparatus to adjust media impressions based on media impression notification loss rates in network communications are disclosed. An example method includes determining a first network media impression adjustment factor based on a quantity of lost test media impression notifications for a first network in a geographic region; determining an adjusted quantity of first network user-accessed media impression notifications for the first network by applying the first network media impression adjustment factor to a quantity of successfully received user-accessed media impression notifications to generate a product and weighting the product based on a market share of first subscribers corresponding to the first network in the geographic region; and storing the weighted adjusted quantity of the user-accessed media impression notifications in association with a media identifier to credit corresponding media with a quantity of media accesses corresponding to the weighted adjusted quantity of the user-accessed media impression notifications.

The disclosed technology teaches testing a mesh network using new service application level KPIs that extend the TWAMP measurement architecture. A control-client receives and parses a configuration file to populate memory with IP addresses, ports, and test session parameters for disclosed KPIs used to originate two-way test sessions from a first network host; with control-servers and session-reflectors. The method extends the receiving, parsing and originating to dozens to thousands of control-clients, by sending to the control-clients configuration files to originate respective test sessions with control-servers in a mesh network using respective test session parameters; and while the test is running, sending an updated configuration file to at least one control-client that introduces a new control-server or replaces a control-server; and expanding the test to include the new or replacement control-server without stopping or restarting TW test sessions with other control-servers; and monitoring the running test sessions and receiving results.

The disclosed technology teaches testing a mesh network using new service application level KPIs that extend the TWAMP measurement architecture. A control-client receives and parses a configuration file to populate memory with IP addresses, ports, and test session parameters for disclosed KPIs used to originate two-way test sessions from a first network host; with control-servers and session-reflectors. The method extends the receiving, parsing and originating to dozens to thousands of control-clients, by sending to the control-clients configuration files to originate respective test sessions with control-servers in a mesh network using respective test session parameters; and while the test is running, sending an updated configuration file to at least one control-client that introduces a new control-server or replaces a control-server; and expanding the test to include the new or replacement control-server without stopping or restarting TW test sessions with other control-servers; and monitoring the running test sessions and receiving results.

Example implementations relate to a data processing method for monitoring at least one performance metric associated with a characteristic of a virtual network function; the method comprising instantiating the virtual network function, monitoring said at least one performance metric associated with the characteristic of the virtual network function; and adapting allocated resources supporting the virtual network function according to said monitoring.

A method for exchanging packets between two nodes of a packet-switched communication network. Each packet comprises a marking field and a reflected marking field. Each node sets the value of the marking field in its outgoing packets to be transmitted to the other node. This value is alternately switched between two alternative marking values every N outgoing packets. While incoming packets are received from the other node, each node also sets the value of the reflected marking field of its outgoing packets according to the value of the marking field of the incoming packets. An observer placed between the two nodes may count the packets whose marking field is equal to any of the marking values and/or the packets whose reflected marking field is equal to any of the marking values, and use N and such counts to provide a packet loss measurement.

A method for exchanging packets between two nodes of a packet-switched communication network. Each packet comprises a marking field and a reflected marking field. Each node sets the value of the marking field in its outgoing packets to be transmitted to the other node. This value is alternately switched between two alternative marking values every N outgoing packets. While incoming packets are received from the other node, each node also sets the value of the reflected marking field of its outgoing packets according to the value of the marking field of the incoming packets. An observer placed between the two nodes may count the packets whose marking field is equal to any of the marking values and/or the packets whose reflected marking field is equal to any of the marking values, and use N and such counts to provide a packet loss measurement.

A method for detecting anomalies in one or more network performance metrics stream for one or more monitored object comprising using a discrete window on the stream to extract a motif from said stream for a first of said network performance metric for a first of said monitored object. Maintaining an abnormal and a normal cluster center of historical time series for said first network performance metric for said first monitored object. Classifying said motif based on a distance between said new time series and said abnormal and said normal cluster center. Determining whether an anomaly for said motif occurred based on said distance and a predetermined decision boundary.

This application provides a data sending method and apparatus applicable to Bluetooth communication. A data sending method applicable to Bluetooth communication in this application includes: sending at least one first packet to a first receiving device by using a Bluetooth communication connection, where the at least one first packet is generated by using a first packet assembly manner; determining, based on a receiving status of at least one piece of feedback information sent by the first receiving device, to generate at least one second packet by using the first packet assembly manner or a second packet assembly manner, where the at least one piece of feedback information is an acknowledgment or a negative acknowledgment fed back by the first receiving device after receiving the at least one first packet; and sending the at least one second packet to the first receiving device by using the Bluetooth communication connection.