The method includes a first network device receives a first packet of a first group of data packets from a second network device, and increases a current quantity of active flows by 1, to obtain a first quantity of active flows, the first network device receives a last packet of the first group of data packets sent by the second network device, and determines a first congestion value based on a second quantity of data packets that carry an explicit congestion notification (ECN) identifier in the first group of data packets, and when the first congestion value is less than a congestion threshold, the first network device decreases the first quantity of active flows by 1, to obtain a third quantity of active flows, or when the first congestion value is greater than or equal to the congestion threshold, the first network device keeps the first quantity of active flows unchanged.

This application provides a congestion control method and a network device. The method includes: receiving a first message sent by a second network device, where the first message carries an active flow quantity, and the active flow quantity is a quantity determined by the second network device based on a data flow to which data packets received from a first network device belong; determining, based on the active flow quantity and rated receiving bandwidth of the second network device, packet sending control information used to send the data flow to the second network device; and sending the data flow to the second network device based on the packet sending control information. This application can better control congestion, thereby reducing network packet loss.

A congestion control method and apparatus is disclosed. The method includes, when usage information of a buffer in a device satisfies a preset first condition, determining at least one first queue from the buffer, and performing congestion control on the at least one first queue, where the first condition includes a first threshold corresponding to the usage information of the buffer, and the at least one first queue is a queue whose queue delay is greater than or equal to a queue delay threshold or whose queue length is greater than or equal to a queue length threshold in a plurality of queues in the buffer. In this way, the device triggers a condition of congestion control based on a buffer status.

Provided are an apparatus and a method for allocating a bandwidth for providing a low-latency fronthaul service in a passive optical network. An bandwidth allocating method performed by a bandwidth allocating apparatus included in an OLT includes receiving an actual report message requesting bandwidth allocation from at least one ONU for wired subscribers connected to the OLT, receiving radio scheduling information for at least one ONU for mobile connected to the OLT from a central unit (CU)/digital unit (DU), generating a virtual report message using the radio scheduling information received from the CU/DU, allocating a transmission bandwidth for the at least one ONU for wired subscribers and the at least one ONU for mobile through the received actual report message and the generated virtual report message, and transmitting the allocated transmission bandwidth to the ONU for wired subscribers and the ONU for mobile using a grant message.

A node (110) of a communication network forwards a first data packet (301) from a server (150) to a client (10). Further, the node detects a congestion affecting the first data packet (301). Further, the node (110) generates at least one second data packet (306) addressed to the server (150). The at least one second data packet (306) indicates the detected congestion and comprises verification information enabling the server (150) to verify that the indicated congestion relates to the first data packet (301).

This application claims to protect an active in-situ flow metrics method, a network device, and a system. The method includes: In a detection domain to which in-situ flow metrics are applied, the head node actively generates a detection packet including in-situ flow metrics information and an analog service packet. After receiving the detection packet sent by the head node, the end node detects network performance based on the in-situ flow metrics information carried in the detection packet, terminates the detection packet, and does not continue to forward the detection packet. In the method in this application, an in-situ flow metrics protocol is extended to add an active in-situ flow metrics capability, so that in-situ flow metrics are implemented even when there is no real service traffic, thereby covering various scenarios of network performance detection.

This application discloses a network congestion control method, apparatus, device, and system, and a storage medium. In an example method, a first switch receives a target signaling packet that is sent by a second switch in a case in which a network congestion status is a target network congestion status. The target signaling packet carries flow source information. The first switch sends, based on the target signaling packet, target flow control information to a network device corresponding to the flow source information. The target flow control information is used to indicate flow control.

Systems and methods for protecting external memory resources to prevent bandwidth collapse in a network processor. One embodiment is a network processor including an input port configured to receive packets from a source device, on-chip memory configured to store packets in queues, and external memory configured to provide a backing store to the on-chip memory. The network processor also includes a processor configured, in response to determining that the source device is unresponsive to a congestion notification, to reduce a size of one or more queues to prevent packets transferring from the on-chip memory to the external memory.

In general, techniques are generally described for reducing or preventing transient black-holing of network traffic in an overlay network. A method includes executing, by a network device included in a link state domain, an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) to exchange link-state messages with at least one remote network device in the link-state domain; generating, by the network device, an IGP link-state message that includes link overload information to overload a link in the link-state domain that couples the network device to the remote network device; and sending, by the network device and to the at least one other network device, the IGP link-state message that includes the link overload information to direct the remote network device to stop sending network traffic to the network device using the overloaded link.

Various example embodiments for supporting queue management in communication systems are presented. Various example embodiments for supporting queue management in communication systems may be configured to support application-based queue management. Various example embodiments for supporting application-based queue management may be configured to support application-based congestion control. Various example embodiments for supporting application-based congestion control may be configured to support application-based congestion control based on use of trigger templates.