A method includes: mapping a to-be-transmitted service flow to a virtual connection based on a mapping relationship between an identifier of the to-be-transmitted service flow and an identifier of the virtual connection; mapping the to-be-transmitted service flow to a virtual bearer based on a mapping relationship between the identifier of the virtual connection and an identifier of the virtual bearer; and mapping the to-be-transmitted service flow to a virtual bearer queue based on a mapping relationship between a quality of service characteristic identifier of the to-be-transmitted service flow and an identifier of the virtual bearer queue in the virtual bearer, to transmit the to-be-transmitted service flow to an OLT.

A method includes: mapping a to-be-transmitted service flow to a virtual connection based on a mapping relationship between an identifier of the to-be-transmitted service flow and an identifier of the virtual connection; mapping the to-be-transmitted service flow to a virtual bearer based on a mapping relationship between the identifier of the virtual connection and an identifier of the virtual bearer; and mapping the to-be-transmitted service flow to a virtual bearer queue based on a mapping relationship between a quality of service characteristic identifier of the to-be-transmitted service flow and an identifier of the virtual bearer queue in the virtual bearer, to transmit the to-be-transmitted service flow to an OLT.

A service traffic adjustment method includes a first controller obtaining a first limit value of a traffic parameter and a second limit value of the traffic parameter. The first controller obtains a target value of the traffic parameter based on the first limit value of the traffic parameter, the second limit value of the traffic parameter, and configuration information of a forwarding device through which the service flow passes. The target value of the traffic parameter meets a delay requirement of the service flow, the target value falls within a range determined based on the first limit value of the traffic parameter and the second limit value of the traffic parameter, and the first limit value is not equal to the second limit value. The first controller sends the target value of the traffic parameter.

A service traffic adjustment method includes a first controller obtaining a first limit value of a traffic parameter and a second limit value of the traffic parameter. The first controller obtains a target value of the traffic parameter based on the first limit value of the traffic parameter, the second limit value of the traffic parameter, and configuration information of a forwarding device through which the service flow passes. The target value of the traffic parameter meets a delay requirement of the service flow, the target value falls within a range determined based on the first limit value of the traffic parameter and the second limit value of the traffic parameter, and the first limit value is not equal to the second limit value. The first controller sends the target value of the traffic parameter.

There is provided mechanisms for quality of service differentiation between network slices. A method is performed by a prioritization entity. The method comprises obtaining relative priority values for the network slices from a network entity. The method comprises providing an access network entity with a relative priority value for a protocol data unit (PDU) flow as given by the relative priority value for the network slice used by that PDU flow, thereby causing differentiation of the quality of service for the network slices.

There is provided mechanisms for quality of service differentiation between network slices. A method is performed by a prioritization entity. The method comprises obtaining relative priority values for the network slices from a network entity. The method comprises providing an access network entity with a relative priority value for a protocol data unit (PDU) flow as given by the relative priority value for the network slice used by that PDU flow, thereby causing differentiation of the quality of service for the network slices.

Example embodiments may relate to web interfaces for a balloon-network. For example, a computing device may display a graphical interface that that includes one or more interface features to receive a request for use of bandwidth of a balloon network. In particular, the computing device may receive, via the graphical interface, input data corresponding to a bandwidth request for a first location, where the bandwidth request includes: (i) an indication of the first location and (ii) an indication of time. Subsequently, the computing device may receive an indication corresponding to whether or not the bandwidth request is accepted, where acceptance of the bandwidth request is based at least in part on expected movement of one or more balloons from a plurality of balloons in the balloon network. As such, the computing device may display, on the graphical interface, the indication corresponding to whether or not the bandwidth request is accepted.

Example embodiments may relate to web interfaces for a balloon-network. For example, a computing device may display a graphical interface that that includes one or more interface features to receive a request for use of bandwidth of a balloon network. In particular, the computing device may receive, via the graphical interface, input data corresponding to a bandwidth request for a first location, where the bandwidth request includes: (i) an indication of the first location and (ii) an indication of time. Subsequently, the computing device may receive an indication corresponding to whether or not the bandwidth request is accepted, where acceptance of the bandwidth request is based at least in part on expected movement of one or more balloons from a plurality of balloons in the balloon network. As such, the computing device may display, on the graphical interface, the indication corresponding to whether or not the bandwidth request is accepted.

A packet processing method implements a QoS guarantee. The method includes: obtaining a flow identification based on packet attribute information and a flow matching rule, generating a flow policy that includes a correspondence between the flow identification and a flow behavior, determining a forwarding path of a packet including the packet attribute information, sending the flow matching rule to an ingress device of the forwarding path, and sending the flow policy to a first network device on the forwarding path. The ingress device adds the flow identification to the packet including the packet attribute information, and sends the packet. The first network device receives the packet including the flow identification, obtains the flow behavior from the flow policy based on the flow identification, and processes the packet in a packet processing mode corresponding to the flow behavior.

An apparatus, method and non-transitory computer-readable medium for establishing a bearer for a terminal device of a cellular communication system, receiving, from the terminal device over the bearer, an uplink data packet including an information element indicating a service associated with the uplink data packet, sending a query including the information element to a networking controller, receiving, from the networking controller as a response to the query, routing information for the uplink data packet and marking the uplink data packet with the routing information and forwarding the uplink data packet to a transport network, and selecting transmission parameters to the uplink data packet based on the routing information.