A method is described and in some embodiments includes receiving at a network element a transmission control protocol (TCP) packet with TCP options set on a link between a controller and a destination node; if the network element comprises a transit node, comparing a bandwidth value indicated in a TCP options field of the received TCP packet with an outgoing link bandwidth of the network element; if the bandwidth value indicated in the TCP options field is greater than the outgoing link bandwidth of the network element, updating the bandwidth value indicated in the TCP options field to be equal to the outgoing link bandwidth of the network element; and forwarding the TCP packet to a next network element. If the bandwidth value indicated in the TCP options field is not greater than the outgoing link bandwidth, the bandwidth value indicated in the TCP options field is not changed.

Embodiments of the present invention include systems and methods for detecting and correcting mismatches between a flow's size and the path maximum transmission unit (PMTU) size. In embodiments, a controller is notified of a new flow's size and compares that to the route path's MTU size. If the controller recognizes a mismatch, it informs an information handling device, such as the first-hop router, to notify the sender of the correct path MTU sizethereby effectively and efficiency notifying the sender to correct the MTU size for that flow.

A parameter adjustment method and apparatuses are provided. The method includes: a first exploration device corresponding to a first service node receives a first parameter set from a management device, where the first parameter set includes one or more parameters used by the first exploration device to perform parameter adjustment, the first service node is any one of a plurality of service nodes included in a data center network, and the plurality of service nodes one-to-one correspond to a plurality of exploration devices. The first exploration device obtains a network status of the first service node based on each parameter adjustment until the network status reaches a preset condition, where each parameter adjustment includes: adjusting one parameter in the first parameter set. The parameter is flexibly adjusted based on the network status, to be applicable to different services.

A parameter adjustment method and apparatuses are provided. The method includes: a first exploration device corresponding to a first service node receives a first parameter set from a management device, where the first parameter set includes one or more parameters used by the first exploration device to perform parameter adjustment, the first service node is any one of a plurality of service nodes included in a data center network, and the plurality of service nodes one-to-one correspond to a plurality of exploration devices. The first exploration device obtains a network status of the first service node based on each parameter adjustment until the network status reaches a preset condition, where each parameter adjustment includes: adjusting one parameter in the first parameter set. The parameter is flexibly adjusted based on the network status, to be applicable to different services.

A system and method is provided for sending congestion notification messages through L3 networks and implementation of QCN in L3 switches. For example, according to this system and method, an L3 switch receives one or more data packets, and determines, based on the received one or more data packets, whether the L3 switch is congested. If the L3 switch is congested, it generates a congestion notification message, the congestion notification message including an Internet Protocol (IP) header, the IP header identifying a source of the one or more received data packets as its destination. The L3 switch sends the congestion notification message to the source of the one or more received data packets using information in the IP header.

This application provides a data exchange method and apparatus. The method includes: A source node receives flow indication information from a first switching node, where the flow indication information indicates that congestion occurs in a target data flow, and the first switching node is a node in a switching path of the target data flow. The source node sends multiple pieces of write data information and multiple data blocks of the target data flow to multiple switching nodes, where the multiple pieces of write data information indicate the multiple switching nodes to store the multiple data blocks and stop forwarding the multiple data blocks. The multiple switching nodes store the multiple data blocks. The multiple switching nodes receive multiple pieces of scheduling information from a destination node, where the multiple pieces of scheduling information are used to schedule the multiple data blocks.

This application provides a data exchange method and apparatus. The method includes: A source node receives flow indication information from a first switching node, where the flow indication information indicates that congestion occurs in a target data flow, and the first switching node is a node in a switching path of the target data flow. The source node sends multiple pieces of write data information and multiple data blocks of the target data flow to multiple switching nodes, where the multiple pieces of write data information indicate the multiple switching nodes to store the multiple data blocks and stop forwarding the multiple data blocks. The multiple switching nodes store the multiple data blocks. The multiple switching nodes receive multiple pieces of scheduling information from a destination node, where the multiple pieces of scheduling information are used to schedule the multiple data blocks.

Systems and methods are provided for operating a media transmission network. The system includes at least one destination device for receiving a plurality of media streams from a plurality of source devices. The system further includes a controller that is configured to, for each media stream of the plurality of media streams: determine a media property adjustment for the media stream based at least on the media stream; identify a source device from the plurality of source devices associated with generating the media stream; determine at least one device setting for the identified source device to apply the media property adjustment to the media stream; generate a control packet for configuring the identified source device based on the at least one device setting, the control packet including the at least one device setting; and transmit the control packet to the identified source device.

By a relay device, a relay method, a communication device, or a communication method for relay of communication between a first network and a second network, information related to a change in a competition state of communication by a plurality of communication nodes connected to the first network is acquired, and state change notification based on competition-related information is transmitted to at least one of a plurality of communication nodes.

In one embodiment, the method includes first determining, at a device, whether a data packet is successfully decoded after a first number of data packet repetitions have been received. Here, the first number is less than a total number of data packet repetitions to be sent to the device. The method further includes first sending, by the device, an acknowledgement if the first determining determines the data packet was successfully decoded, the first sending occurring before the total number of data packet repetitions has been received.