A bypass path is provided in the node for reducing the latency and power consumption associated with writing to and reading from the VC buffer, and is enabled when certain conditions are met. Bypass is enabled for a received packet when there is no other data that is ready to be sent from the VC buffer, which is the case when all VCs either have zero credits or an empty partition in the buffer. In this way, data arriving at the node is prevented from using the bypass path to take priority over data already held in the VC buffer and ready for transmission.

A sender and a receiver exchange packets of messages from multiple flows. Each packet includes a flow and a packet sequence number (PSN). An initial packet indicates a total number of packets in the message. The receiver receives a first packet of a first message of a first flow and discards the first packet if the first message cannot be processed. The receiver receives a second packet and discards the second packet if the second packet is of the first message, belongs to the first flow, or is of a different message and does not belong to the first flow, and a PSN of the second received packet is not equal to a sum of a PSN of the first packet, the total number of packets of the first message, and the total number of packets of any message discarded after discarding the first packet.

For example, a wireless communication station (STA) may be configured to determine whether a stream of frames is suitable for out-of-order delivery from a first Medium Access Control layer (MAC-layer) process to a second MAC-layer process, the second MAC-layer process is above the first MAC-layer process; and, based on a determination that the stream of frames is suitable for out-of-order delivery, to deliver to the second MAC-layer process one or more frames of the stream of frames according to an out-of-order delivery scheme.

In some embodiments, a method receives a packet for a flow associated with a workload. Based on an indicator for the flow, the method determines whether the flow corresponds to one of an elephant flow or a mice flow. Only when the flow is determined to correspond to an elephant flow, the method enables a hardware acceleration operation on the packet. The hardware acceleration operation may include hardware operation offload, receive side scaling, and workload migration.

The disclosure relates to a 5G or 6G communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate. A method performed by a first network entity in a wireless communication system is provided. The method includes receiving, from a second network entity, a first message including information on at least one of a type, a size, or an identifier of an action buffer, which is for creating of the action buffer, receiving, from the second network entity, a second message including the identifier for adding of at least one action to multiple memories assigned to the action buffer created based on the first message, and performing an arbitrary action for an input packet based on an address of memory in which the arbitrary action among the at least one action is stored.