Method and apparatus for facilitating accessing home surveillance device data, preferably an IP camera video stream, by a remote user device at the remote user device's instigation, over the Internet through a home router, the facilitating including incorporating a smart gateway in local communication with the home router and in persistent or intermittent communication with a remote Internet server to facilitate communication of data over the Internet at the remote user device's request through direct communication between the remote user device and the smart gateway, the smart gateway in local communication With the home surveillance device such as an IP camera, the direct communication facilitated by a “hole punch” type of technique.

An integrated circuit chip has a set of communication units, each unit being configured to operate according to a protocol in which a data packet sent by one unit is receivable by one unit only, each unit being configured to send at least one packet having one of a plurality of tiers to at least one other unit and being configured to specify, for each tier, a subset of destination units to which packets of that tier are to be sent, wherein each unit is configured to: receive a packet having one of the plurality of tiers; determine the tier of the received packet; and sequentially send packets having a different tier to the tier of the received packet to each of the respective subset of destination units for the different tier.

A method and a device for multicast packet processing are disclosed. The method includes: A first network device obtains a data packet; and the first network device generates a first multicast packet and a second multicast packet based on the data packet. The first multicast packet includes first iFIT information and a first multi-level flow identifier. The second multicast packet includes the first iFIT information and a second multi-level flow identifier. The first multi-level flow identifier and the second multi-level flow identifier are different, to identify different forwarding paths of the generated first multicast packet and second multicast packet respectively. In the method, in a point-to-multipoint multicast data flow transmission scenario, a plurality of multicast data flows can be identified, to perform iFIT detection on each of the plurality of data flows, so as to implement packet loss and delay detection, path restoration, and the like for the multicast data flows.

A network device configured to perform scalable, in-network computations is described. The network device is configured to process pull requests and/or push requests from a plurality of endpoints connected to the network. A collective communication primitive from a particular endpoint can be received at a network device. The collective communication primitive is associated with a multicast region of a shared global address space and is mapped to a plurality of participating endpoints. The network device is configured to perform an in-network computation based on information received from the participating endpoints before forwarding a response to the collective communication primitive back to one or more of the participating endpoints. The endpoints can inject pull requests (e.g., load commands) and/or push requests (e.g., store commands) into the network. A multicast capability enables tasks, such as a reduction operation, to be offloaded to hardware in the network device.

Embodiments of the present disclosure disclose example broadcast message management methods and a broadcast message management apparatus. One example method includes receiving a broadcast message sent by a target application program, determining a user experience assurance priority of the target application program, and determining a target broadcast queue corresponding to the target application program. The broadcast message is saved in the target broadcast queue, and, when a broadcast message scheduling request is received, the broadcast message stored in the target broadcast queue is scheduled according to a target broadcast message scheduling priority corresponding to the target broadcast queue.

Systems and methods for allocating resources are disclosed. Resources such as streams are allocated using a stream credit system. Credits are issued to the clients in a manner that ensure the system is operating in a safe allocation state. The credits can be used not only to allocate resources but also to throttle clients where necessary. Credits can be granted fully, partially, and in a number greater than a request. Zero or negative credits can also be issued to throttle clients.

Provided are a provider edge (PE) device and a method for Ethernet virtual private network (EVPN). A first PE device performs label assignment procedure with a second PE device such that the first and second PE devices share an Ethernet segment identifier (ESI)-excluded label and know a correspondence between the ESI-excluded label and a label combination of an ESI label and a VPN label. The first PE device encapsulates a packet of broadcast, unknown unicast or multicast (BUM) traffic, with the ESI-excluded label instead of the label combination. The first PE device sends the encapsulated packet to the second PE device.

In one embodiment, a method comprises: determining, by a network device in a wireless data network, a past throughput of broadcast data packets transmitted at broadcast transmission intervals of a prescribed broadcast schedule over a selected measurement interval, the broadcast transmission intervals each adjacent to unicast transmission intervals allocated in the wireless data network, each of the broadcast transmission intervals in the prescribed broadcast schedule initially set at a prescribed duration; predicting, by the network device, a predicted throughput of a future broadcast transmission interval of the prescribed broadcast schedule, for transmission of at least a future broadcast data packet, based on executing a trendline prediction of the predicted throughput using the past throughput over the selected measurement interval; and adjusting the corresponding prescribed duration of the future broadcast transmission interval, relative to the corresponding adjacent unicast transmission interval following the future broadcast transmission interval, based on the predicted throughput.

A method for determining a DF of a multicast flow, a device, and a system are disclosed. In an EVPN scenario, a CE device is connected to a plurality of PE devices in a dual-homed or multi-homed manner. A first PE device is any one of the plurality of PE devices. After determining that the CE device connected to an Ethernet link joins a multicast group of a multicast flow, the first PE device determines bandwidth occupation statuses of a plurality of Ethernet links included in an ES to which the Ethernet link belongs, and then determines, as a DF of the multicast flow based on the multicast flow bandwidth occupation statuses of the plurality of Ethernet links, a PE device corresponding to an Ethernet link that occupies lowest multicast flow bandwidth. This helps improve equalization of load sharing for multicast flow transmission on an EVPN.

The embodiments of this application disclose a resource reserving method and a device and relate to the field of communications technologies. The method includes: obtaining target information, where the target information includes at least one of first information and second information, the first information is used to indicate a resource reserving priority of first data, the second information is used to indicate a resource reserving priority of second data, the first data is data that occupies a first resource, and the second data is to-be-transmitted data; and according to the target information, determining whether to use the first resource as a candidate resource for transmitting the second data. The embodiments of this application are applied to a scenario where UE reserves a resource for to-be-transmitted data.