A system embodying the subject disclosure includes a memory to store instructions. A controller coupled to the memory, responsive to executing the instructions, can perform operations including obtaining performance characteristics for segments of a network; the segments are selected based on a trajectory of a mobile device coupled to the network. The controller can predict future transport and segment characteristics based on the performance characteristics. The controller can receive a request from the mobile device for transmission of a data packet over the network. The controller can monitor a power state of the mobile device and predict a future power state of the mobile device. The controller can determine a target time for fulfilling the request, based on the future power state and the future transport and segment characteristics. The controller can schedule a time for fulfilling the request according to the target time. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Network resources for a call are allocated. The network resources for the call are reserved based on a reservation. The network resources are reserved before any one network resource is committed. If the call is confirmed, then the network resources are committed.

A method for a seamless transfer of a secure multimedia conference session from one endpoint device to another without a need to rekey the session is provided. In this method, a first endpoint device connects a participant to a multimedia conference session to which at least one other participant is connected and based on detecting one or more second endpoint devices within a predetermined location proximity of the first endpoint device, determines whether to transfer the multimedia conference session to a target endpoint device. Based on determining that the session is to be transferred, the first endpoint device establishes a secure pairing connection directly with the target endpoint device and provides, via the secure pairing connection, information about the multimedia conference session based on which the multimedia conference session is transferred to the target endpoint device without rekeying the multimedia conference session.

In a cellular system having both 4.sup.th-Generation (4G) and 5.sup.th-Generation (5G) cellular networks, cellular device sends a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) INVITE message to initiate a voice call. The message is received and acted upon by a Proxy-Call Session Control Function (P-CSCF) of an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS). Cellular devices that support 5G services are configured to include an information element (IE) in the SIP INVITE message to indicate support for 5G services. When responding to a SIP INVITE message, the P-CSCF determines whether the SIP INVITE message includes such an IE. If the SIP INVITE message contains an IE indicating 5G support, the P-CSCF sends an Authorization Authentication Request (AAR) message to a 5G Policy Control Function (PCF) to initiate a 5G dedicated bearer. Otherwise, the P-CSCF sends the AAR to a 4G Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF) to initiate a 4G dedicated bearer.

In a cellular system having both 4.sup.th-Generation (4G) and 5.sup.th-Generation (5G) cellular networks, cellular device sends a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) INVITE message to initiate a voice call. The message is received and acted upon by a Proxy-Call Session Control Function (P-CSCF) of an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS). Cellular devices that support 5G services are configured to include an information element (IE) in the SIP INVITE message to indicate support for 5G services. When responding to a SIP INVITE message, the P-CSCF determines whether the SIP INVITE message includes such an IE. If the SIP INVITE message contains an IE indicating 5G support, the P-CSCF sends an Authorization Authentication Request (AAR) message to a 5G Policy Control Function (PCF) to initiate a 5G dedicated bearer. Otherwise, the P-CSCF sends the AAR to a 4G Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF) to initiate a 4G dedicated bearer.

A packet identifying method includes: connecting to an IP telephone device under test and querying to a current device information of the IP telephone device under test; determining if there is any instruction set in a database matched with the current device information, wherein the database includes a plurality of instruction sets, and each instruction set corresponds to existing device information of an IP telephone device; and executing a packet identifying procedure by using an executing instruction set.

There are disclosed measures of network entity selection, for example including furnishing an identity of a network entity being pre-selected by a first network apparatus, and providing verification information for said pre-selected network entity identity, enabling to verify whether the pre-selected network entity identity is applicable for network entity selection at a second network apparatus.

There are disclosed measures of network entity selection, for example including furnishing an identity of a network entity being pre-selected by a first network apparatus, and providing verification information for said pre-selected network entity identity, enabling to verify whether the pre-selected network entity identity is applicable for network entity selection at a second network apparatus.

A method for a seamless transfer of a secure multimedia conference session from one endpoint device to another without a need to rekey the session is provided. In this method, a first endpoint device connects a participant to a multimedia conference session to which at least one other participant is connected and based on detecting one or more second endpoint devices within a predetermined location proximity of the first endpoint device, determines whether to transfer the multimedia conference session to a target endpoint device. Based on determining that the session is to be transferred, the first endpoint device establishes a secure pairing connection directly with the target endpoint device and provides, via the secure pairing connection, information about the multimedia conference session based on which the multimedia conference session is transferred to the target endpoint device without rekeying the multimedia conference session.

Asynchronous and/or synchronous telephony protocol systems and methods may include an asynchronous signaling node (ASN) and/or a call duration time quota from a charging onset to place and complete a call based on a first device call request as received from a first user mobile device on a packet switched network. The asynchronous systems include instructions to automatically modify the telephony address with a prefix and destination address when the first device has insufficient or independent balance or upon a network exception; route the modified call signal to the ASN; and deliver and automatically disconnect the call when the call is completed. The synchronous systems are balance-independent and include instructions to automatically set the call duration time quota upon such exception, and deliver and automatically disconnect the call from the second user telephony device when the call is completed or when the call duration time quota is exceeded.