Methods and apparatus to generate audience measurement data from population sample data having incomplete demographic classifications are disclosed. An example method includes detecting that a number of impressions a time segment of a video occurred based on messages; detecting that no impressions for the time segment of the video were detected by the database proprietor; determining respective percentages of exposures of the video that are attributable to corresponding ones of multiple demographic groups, determining the respective percentages being based on the first demographic information provided by the database proprietor for exposures of other time segments of the video; attributing respective portions of the number of impressions to the demographic groups based on the respective percentages to determine imputed numbers of impressions; generating adjusted numbers of impressions based on the imputed numbers of impressions; and determining ratings information for the video using the adjusted numbers of impressions.

Computer-implemented method for online charging telecommunication services in real time, comprising: (i) running a money-to-time algorithm, computing a time balance based on charging parameters and a wallet balance; (ii) if greater than zero, creating a charging data record, CDR, and writing a start timestamp therein, setting a terminate session timer based on the time balance, and confirming the communication session; (iii) if not greater than zero, or upon expiration of the terminate session timer, instructing to terminate the communication session, wherein upon expiration of the terminate session timer an end timestamp is written in the CDR. Online charging system, OCS, implementing the method.

A charging method, apparatus and system are provided. The charging method includes: receiving a first request message from a Network Function (NF), wherein the first request message carries following information: first Quality of Service (QoS) information; or second QoS information; or second QoS information and updated first QoS information; the first QoS information comprises requested QoS information or negotiated QoS information; and the second QoS information comprises QoS information actually used after the NF sends a previous first request message; and performing charging according to the QoS information carried in the first request message.

A method is performed by a control center that resides in a home network. Upon receiving, from access networks, attach requests from user equipments (UEs) when the UEs attempt to connect to the access networks, the control center computes a baseline attach failure rate for the attach requests. The control center initially sets a billing type for a UE of a subscriber to usage based billing. Upon receiving, from the access networks, attach requests from the UE when the UE attempts to connect to the access networks, the control center computes an individual attach failure rate for fulfilling the attach requests from the UE. The control center determines whether the individual attach failure rate for the UE exceeds the baseline attach failure rate. When the individual attach failure rate exceeds the baseline attach failure rate, the control center automatically switches the billing type for the UE to flat rate billing.

Exemplary implementations may: receive, by a sales support microservice in communication with a trained model running on a server, a plurality of attributes; and feed the plurality of attributes to the trained model.

Conventional balance inquiries by a prepaid customer or other communication-service subscriber do not return an available service amount. Rather, they return a monetary amount that does not consider service usage rules or tariff plans that control service ratings. This conventional approach makes it difficult for the user to assess the sufficiency of his or her remaining account balance. Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method, and apparatus for determining available service amounts corresponding to remaining account credit, based on considering the applicable tariff plans.

A method is performed by a control center that resides in a home network. Upon receiving, from access networks, attach requests from user equipments (UEs) when the UEs attempt to connect to the access networks, the control center computes a baseline attach failure rate for the attach requests. The control center initially sets a billing type for a UE of a subscriber to usage based billing. Upon receiving, from the access networks, attach requests from the UE when the UE attempts to connect to the access networks, the control center computes an individual attach failure rate for fulfilling the attach requests from the UE. The control center determines whether the individual attach failure rate for the UE exceeds the baseline attach failure rate. When the individual attach failure rate exceeds the baseline attach failure rate, the control center automatically switches the billing type for the UE to flat rate billing.

A method (300) and apparatus (40) according to this disclosure integrate policy evaluation into the process of provisioning temporary products (52) in a telecommunications network (10), in a manner that results in consumption of a temporary product (52) being governed by values of one or more policy-related parameters that are specific to the temporary product (52), rather than being governed by default values for such parameters. Accordingly, an Online Charging System, OCS, (26) includes or is associated with a network node (40) that triggers policy evaluation in conjunction with authorizing charging and policy sessions in the context of temporary product provisioning, to thereby provide the involved policy node (24) with policy-related information that is specific to the temporary product.

Computer-implemented method for online charging telecommunication services in real time, comprising: (i) running a money-to-time algorithm, computing a time balance based on charging parameters and a wallet balance; (ii) if greater than zero, creating a charging data record, CDR, and writing a start timestamp therein, setting a terminate session timer based on the time balance, and confirming the communication session; (iii) if not greater than zero, or upon expiration of the terminate session timer, instructing to terminate the communication session, wherein upon expiration of the terminate session timer an end timestamp is written in the CDR. Online charging system, OCS, implementing the method.

A method of a roaming user equipment (UE) according to an embodiment of the disclosure includes obtaining billing information of the roaming UE from a message received from a communication carrier server, sending a billing information authentication request message including the obtained billing information to an authentication server, and receiving an authentication result regarding whether the billing information is valid.